Avoiding impacts on biodiversity through strengthening the first stage of the mitigation hierarchy
The mitigation hierarchy is a decision-making framework designed to address impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services through first seeking to avoid impacts wherever possible, then minimizing or restoring impacts, and finally by offsetting any unavoidable impacts. Avoiding impacts is seen by ma...
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| Vydáno v: | Oryx Ročník 52; číslo 2; s. 316 - 324 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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Cambridge, UK
Cambridge University Press
01.04.2018
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| Témata: | |
| ISSN: | 0030-6053, 1365-3008, 1365-3008 |
| On-line přístup: | Získat plný text |
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| Abstract | The mitigation hierarchy is a decision-making framework designed to address impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services through first seeking to avoid impacts wherever possible, then minimizing or restoring impacts, and finally by offsetting any unavoidable impacts. Avoiding impacts is seen by many as the most certain and effective way of managing harm to biodiversity, and its position as the first stage of the mitigation hierarchy indicates that it should be prioritized ahead of other stages. However, despite an abundance of legislative and voluntary requirements, there is often a failure to avoid impacts. We discuss reasons for this failure and outline some possible solutions. We highlight the key roles that can be played by conservation organizations in cultivating political will, holding decision makers accountable to the law, improving the processes of impact assessment and avoidance, building capacity, and providing technical knowledge. A renewed focus on impact avoidance as the foundation of the mitigation hierarchy could help to limit the impacts on biodiversity of large-scale developments in energy, infrastructure, agriculture and other sectors. |
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| AbstractList | The mitigation hierarchy is a decision-making framework designed to address impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services through first seeking to avoid impacts wherever possible, then minimizing or restoring impacts, and finally by offsetting any unavoidable impacts. Avoiding impacts is seen by many as the most certain and effective way of managing harm to biodiversity, and its position as the first stage of the mitigation hierarchy indicates that it should be prioritized ahead of other stages. However, despite an abundance of legislative and voluntary requirements, there is often a failure to avoid impacts. We discuss reasons for this failure and outline some possible solutions. We highlight the key roles that can be played by conservation organizations in cultivating political will, holding decision makers accountable to the law, improving the processes of impact assessment and avoidance, building capacity, and providing technical knowledge. A renewed focus on impact avoidance as the foundation of the mitigation hierarchy could help to limit the impacts on biodiversity of large-scale developments in energy, infrastructure, agriculture and other sectors. |
| Author | Phalan, Ben Marsh, David Kowalska, Aida Costelloe, Brendan Whitaker, Samir Hayes, Genevieve Howard, Pippa Brooks, Sharon Vira, Bhaskar |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ben orcidid: 0000-0001-7876-7226 surname: Phalan fullname: Phalan, Ben email: benphalan@gmail.com organization: Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, UK, and Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Genevieve surname: Hayes fullname: Hayes, Genevieve organization: BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK – sequence: 3 givenname: Sharon surname: Brooks fullname: Brooks, Sharon organization: UNEP–World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK – sequence: 4 givenname: David surname: Marsh fullname: Marsh, David organization: Fauna & Flora International, Cambridge, UK – sequence: 5 givenname: Pippa surname: Howard fullname: Howard, Pippa organization: Fauna & Flora International, Cambridge, UK – sequence: 6 givenname: Brendan surname: Costelloe fullname: Costelloe, Brendan organization: Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Sandy, Bedfordshire, UK – sequence: 7 givenname: Bhaskar surname: Vira fullname: Vira, Bhaskar organization: Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK – sequence: 8 givenname: Aida surname: Kowalska fullname: Kowalska, Aida organization: BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK – sequence: 9 givenname: Samir surname: Whitaker fullname: Whitaker, Samir organization: BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK |
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| Keywords | conservation policy mitigation hierarchy Net Positive Impact No Net Loss Biodiversity offsets |
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