Targeted therapy for colorectal cancer metastases: A review of current methods of molecularly targeted therapy and the use of tumor biomarkers in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer

Despite recent advances in the management of colorectal cancer, metastatic disease remains challenging, and patients are rarely cured. However, a better understanding of the pathways implicated in the evolution and proliferation of cancer cells has led to the development of targeted therapies, that...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer Vol. 125; no. 23; pp. 4139 - 4147
Main Authors: Piawah, Sorbarikor, Venook, Alan P.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.12.2019
Subjects:
Angiogenesis inhibitors
Biomarkers
Cancer
Cancer therapies
Cell proliferation
Chemotherapy
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal carcinoma
Cytotoxicity
Disease control
Epidermal growth factor
Epidermal growth factor receptors
Growth factors
Immunotherapy
Metastases
Metastasis
molecular targeted therapy
Mutation
Oncology
tumor biomarkers
Tumors
metastases
molecular targeted therapy
colorectal cancer
tumor biomarkers
immunotherapy
ISSN:0008-543X, 1097-0142, 1097-0142
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Despite recent advances in the management of colorectal cancer, metastatic disease remains challenging, and patients are rarely cured. However, a better understanding of the pathways implicated in the evolution and proliferation of cancer cells has led to the development of targeted therapies, that is, agents with action directed at these pathways/features. This approach is more specific to cells within which these pathways, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), are overactive; this is in contrast to the relatively indiscriminate mechanism by which cytotoxic chemotherapy tends to affect rapidly dividing cells, regardless of their role. Although factors unique to a given patient, such as the location of the primary tumor (sidedness) or the presence of mutations that confer resistance, may limit the utility of these agents, targeted therapies are now a part of the treatment paradigm for metastatic colorectal cancer, and survival outcomes have significantly improved. This review provides an overview of the role of targeted therapy in the management of patients with colorectal cancer metastases as well as a discussion of issues in patient selection, with a focus on inhibitors of angiogenesis, EGFR‐targeted therapy, BRAF mutation–targeted therapies, and other novel strategies, including immunotherapy. This review examines the current role of targeted therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer. It focuses on vascular endothelial growth factor– and epidermal growth factor receptor–targeted therapies as well as immunotherapy.
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ISSN:0008-543X
1097-0142
1097-0142
DOI:10.1002/cncr.32163