Endothelial barrier dysfunction in septic shock

The endothelium provides an essential and selective membrane barrier that regulates the movement of water, solutes, gases, macromolecules and the cellular elements of the blood from the tissue compartment in health and disease. Its structure and continuous function is essential for life for all vert...

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Podrobná bibliografia
Vydané v:	Journal of internal medicine Ročník 277; číslo 3; s. 277 - 293
Hlavní autori:	Opal, S. M., Poll, T.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.03.2015
Predmet:	Angiopoietin-1 - metabolism Biomarkers - metabolism Cell Communication - physiology Cell-Derived Microparticles - physiology Coagulation Continuity (mathematics) endothelial barrier Endothelial cells Endothelial Cells - physiology endothelial junctions Endothelium Endothelium, Vascular - physiology Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products - physiology HMGB1 Protein - metabolism Homeostasis - physiology Humans Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism Lysophospholipids - physiology Macromolecules Macrophages - physiology Microcirculation - physiology Nerve Tissue Proteins - metabolism Peptide Fragments - physiology protease‐activated receptors Receptors, Cell Surface - metabolism Receptors, Proteinase-Activated - physiology sepsis sepsis‐induced immunosuppression septic shock Shock, Septic - physiopathology Sphingosine - analogs & derivatives Sphingosine - physiology Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - physiology Vertebrates protease-activated receptors endothelial barrier endothelial junctions septic shock sepsis-induced immunosuppression sepsis
ISSN:	0954-6820, 1365-2796, 1365-2796
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Popis
Shrnutí:	The endothelium provides an essential and selective membrane barrier that regulates the movement of water, solutes, gases, macromolecules and the cellular elements of the blood from the tissue compartment in health and disease. Its structure and continuous function is essential for life for all vertebrate organisms. Recent evidence indicates that the endothelial surface does not have a passive role in systemic inflammatory states such as septic shock. In fact, endothelial cells are in dynamic equilibrium with a myriad of inflammatory mediators and elements of the innate immune and coagulation systems to orchestrate the host response in sepsis. The barrier function of the endothelial surface is almost uniformly impaired in septic shock, and it is likely that this contributes to adverse outcomes. In this review, we will highlight recent advances in the understanding of the signalling events that regulate endothelial function and molecular events that induce endothelial dysfunction in sepsis. Endothelial barrier repair strategies as a treatment for sepsis include modulation of C5a, high‐mobility group box 1 and VEGF receptor 2; stimulation of angiopoietin‐1, sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor 1 and Slit; and a number of other innovative approaches.
Bibliografia:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23
ISSN:	0954-6820 1365-2796 1365-2796
DOI:	10.1111/joim.12331