Endothelial barrier dysfunction in septic shock

The endothelium provides an essential and selective membrane barrier that regulates the movement of water, solutes, gases, macromolecules and the cellular elements of the blood from the tissue compartment in health and disease. Its structure and continuous function is essential for life for all vert...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of internal medicine Jg. 277; H. 3; S. 277 - 293
Hauptverfasser: Opal, S. M., Poll, T.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.03.2015
Schlagworte:
Angiopoietin-1 - metabolism
Biomarkers - metabolism
Cell Communication - physiology
Cell-Derived Microparticles - physiology
Coagulation
Continuity (mathematics)
endothelial barrier
Endothelial cells
Endothelial Cells - physiology
endothelial junctions
Endothelium
Endothelium, Vascular - physiology
Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products - physiology
HMGB1 Protein - metabolism
Homeostasis - physiology
Humans
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism
Lysophospholipids - physiology
Macromolecules
Macrophages - physiology
Microcirculation - physiology
Nerve Tissue Proteins - metabolism
Peptide Fragments - physiology
protease‐activated receptors
Receptors, Cell Surface - metabolism
Receptors, Proteinase-Activated - physiology
sepsis
sepsis‐induced immunosuppression
septic shock
Shock, Septic - physiopathology
Sphingosine - analogs & derivatives
Sphingosine - physiology
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A - physiology
Vertebrates
protease-activated receptors
endothelial barrier
endothelial junctions
septic shock
sepsis-induced immunosuppression
sepsis
ISSN:0954-6820, 1365-2796, 1365-2796
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Zusammenfassung:The endothelium provides an essential and selective membrane barrier that regulates the movement of water, solutes, gases, macromolecules and the cellular elements of the blood from the tissue compartment in health and disease. Its structure and continuous function is essential for life for all vertebrate organisms. Recent evidence indicates that the endothelial surface does not have a passive role in systemic inflammatory states such as septic shock. In fact, endothelial cells are in dynamic equilibrium with a myriad of inflammatory mediators and elements of the innate immune and coagulation systems to orchestrate the host response in sepsis. The barrier function of the endothelial surface is almost uniformly impaired in septic shock, and it is likely that this contributes to adverse outcomes. In this review, we will highlight recent advances in the understanding of the signalling events that regulate endothelial function and molecular events that induce endothelial dysfunction in sepsis. Endothelial barrier repair strategies as a treatment for sepsis include modulation of C5a, high‐mobility group box 1 and VEGF receptor 2; stimulation of angiopoietin‐1, sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor 1 and Slit; and a number of other innovative approaches.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
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ISSN:0954-6820
1365-2796
1365-2796
DOI:10.1111/joim.12331