Low protein intake is associated with a major reduction in IGF-1, cancer, and overall mortality in the 65 and younger but not older population

Mice and humans with growth hormone receptor/IGF-1 deficiencies display major reductions in age-related diseases. Because protein restriction reduces GHR-IGF-1 activity, we examined links between protein intake and mortality. Respondents aged 50-65 reporting high protein intake had a 75% increase in...

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Published in:Cell metabolism Vol. 19; no. 3; p. 407
Main Authors: Levine, Morgan E, Suarez, Jorge A, Brandhorst, Sebastian, Balasubramanian, Priya, Cheng, Chia-Wei, Madia, Federica, Fontana, Luigi, Mirisola, Mario G, Guevara-Aguirre, Jaime, Wan, Junxiang, Passarino, Giuseppe, Kennedy, Brian K, Wei, Min, Cohen, Pinchas, Crimmins, Eileen M, Longo, Valter D
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 04.03.2014
Subjects:
Aged
Animals
Breast Neoplasms - etiology
Carrier Proteins - genetics
Carrier Proteins - metabolism
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes Mellitus - mortality
Diet, Protein-Restricted
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - metabolism
Longevity
Male
Melanoma - etiology
Mice
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Mice, Knockout
Middle Aged
Neoplasms - diet therapy
Neoplasms - epidemiology
Neoplasms - mortality
Proportional Hazards Models
Signal Transduction
ISSN:1932-7420, 1932-7420
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Mice and humans with growth hormone receptor/IGF-1 deficiencies display major reductions in age-related diseases. Because protein restriction reduces GHR-IGF-1 activity, we examined links between protein intake and mortality. Respondents aged 50-65 reporting high protein intake had a 75% increase in overall mortality and a 4-fold increase in cancer death risk during the following 18 years. These associations were either abolished or attenuated if the proteins were plant derived. Conversely, high protein intake was associated with reduced cancer and overall mortality in respondents over 65, but a 5-fold increase in diabetes mortality across all ages. Mouse studies confirmed the effect of high protein intake and GHR-IGF-1 signaling on the incidence and progression of breast and melanoma tumors, but also the detrimental effects of a low protein diet in the very old. These results suggest that low protein intake during middle age followed by moderate to high protein consumption in old adults may optimize healthspan and longevity.
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ISSN:1932-7420
1932-7420
DOI:10.1016/j.cmet.2014.02.006