Time course of decompensation after angiotensin II and high-salt diet in Balb/CJ mice suggests pulmonary hypertension-induced cardiorenal syndrome

The genetic background of a mouse strain determines its susceptibility to disease. C57BL/6J and Balb/CJ are two widely used inbred mouse strains that we found react dramatically differently to angiotensin II and high-salt diet (ANG II + Salt). Balb/CJ show increased mortality associated with anuria...

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Published in:American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology Vol. 316; no. 5; p. R563
Main Authors: Becirovic-Agic, Mediha, Jönsson, Sofia, Tveitarås, Maria K, Skogstrand, Trude, Karlsen, Tine V, Lidén, Åsa, Leh, Sabine, Ericsson, Madelene, Nilsson, Stefan K, Reed, Rolf K, Hultström, Michael
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 01.05.2019
Subjects:
Angiotensin II - metabolism
Animals
Blood Pressure - physiology
Cardio-Renal Syndrome - complications
Cardio-Renal Syndrome - physiopathology
Diet
Heart Failure - physiopathology
Hypertension - complications
Hypertension - physiopathology
Hypertension, Pulmonary - complications
Male
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Myocardium - metabolism
Sodium Chloride, Dietary - metabolism
Sodium Chloride, Dietary - pharmacology
Time Factors
Water-Electrolyte Imbalance - drug therapy
Water-Electrolyte Imbalance - metabolism
congestive heart failure
right-sided heart failure
animal model
pulmonary hypertension
ISSN:1522-1490, 1522-1490
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Summary:The genetic background of a mouse strain determines its susceptibility to disease. C57BL/6J and Balb/CJ are two widely used inbred mouse strains that we found react dramatically differently to angiotensin II and high-salt diet (ANG II + Salt). Balb/CJ show increased mortality associated with anuria and edema formation while C57BL/6J develop arterial hypertension but do not decompensate and die. Clinical symptoms of heart failure in Balb/CJ mice gave the hypothesis that ANG II + Salt impairs cardiac function and induces cardiac remodeling in male Balb/CJ but not in male C57BL/6J mice. To test this hypothesis, we measured cardiac function using echocardiography before treatment and every day for 7 days during treatment with ANG II + Salt. Interestingly, pulsed wave Doppler of pulmonary artery flow indicated increased pulmonary vascular resistance and right ventricle systolic pressure in Balb/CJ mice, already 24 h after ANG II + Salt treatment was started. In addition, Balb/CJ mice showed abnormal diastolic filling indicated by reduced early and late filling and increased isovolumic relaxation time. Furthermore, Balb/CJ exhibited lower cardiac output compared with C57BL/6J even though they retained more sodium and water, as assessed using metabolic cages. Left posterior wall thickness increased during ANG II + Salt treatment but did not differ between the strains. In conclusion, ANG II + Salt treatment causes early restriction of pulmonary flow and reduced left ventricular filling and cardiac output in Balb/CJ, which results in fluid retention and peripheral edema. This makes Balb/CJ a potential model to study the adaptive capacity of the heart for identifying new disease mechanisms and drug targets.
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ISSN:1522-1490
1522-1490
DOI:10.1152/ajpregu.00373.2018