Influence of Food Security Status and Diet Quality on Maternal Gestational Weight Gain

Background Recommended gestational weight gain (GWG) is crucial for health of women and their offspring. Food security status is hypothesized to influence diet quality and GWG. Therefore, we examined the relationship between diet quality and GWG by food security status. Methods Participants (n = 679...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of midwifery & women's health Vol. 69; no. 3; pp. 394 - 402
Main Authors: Sparks, Joshua R., Myers, Candice A., Phelan, Suzanne, Newton, Robert L., Yang, Shengping, Redman, Leanne M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.05.2024
Subjects:
Adult
At risk populations
Body Mass Index
Diet
Diet - standards
Diet, Healthy - statistics & numerical data
Female
Food consumption
Food Insecurity
Food Security
Food Supply - statistics & numerical data
Gestational Weight Gain
Healthy food
Humans
Insecurity
Linear analysis
nutrition
Obesity
Overweight
Pregnancy
public health
quantitative research
Surveys and Questionnaires
Vulnerability
Weight gain
Women
Womens health
Young Adult
nutrition
quantitative research
obesity
public health
ISSN:1526-9523, 1542-2011, 1542-2011
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Background Recommended gestational weight gain (GWG) is crucial for health of women and their offspring. Food security status is hypothesized to influence diet quality and GWG. Therefore, we examined the relationship between diet quality and GWG by food security status. Methods Participants (n = 679) were enrolled in the Initial Vanguard Study of the National Children's Study. GWG was calculated as third trimester weight minus prepregnancy weight. Food security status and diet quality (Healthy Eating Index [HEI]‐2015) were assessed using the Household Food Security Survey and a Diet History Questionnaire, respectively. General linear models evaluated the relationship between GWG and HEI‐2015 by food security status. Results A greater proportion of women experienced food security (81.3%) compared with food insecurity (18.7%). In women with food security, GWG was negatively associated with HEI‐2015 in women having overweight (r = −0.421, P = .003) and positively associated with HEI‐2015 in women with inadequate GWG (r = 0.224, P = .019). Conversely, no significant relationships were found between GWG and HEI‐2015 in women with food insecurity. Discussion Improved diet quality potentially lowers GWG in women with food security. However, in vulnerable populations, including women with food insecurity, improvements in diet quality may not effectively enhance GWG.
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ISSN:1526-9523
1542-2011
1542-2011
DOI:10.1111/jmwh.13622