The Power of Focal Points Is Limited: Even Minute Payoff Asymmetry May Yield Large Coordination Failures
Since Schelling, it has often been assumed that players make use of salient decision labels to achieve coordination. Consistent with previous work, we find that given equal payoffs, salient labels yield frequent coordination. However, given even minutely asymmetric payoffs, labels lose much of their...
Saved in:
| Published in: | The American economic review Vol. 98; no. 4; pp. 1443 - 1458 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors: | , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nashville
American Economic Association
01.09.2008
|
| Subjects: | |
| ISSN: | 0002-8282, 1944-7981 |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Abstract | Since Schelling, it has often been assumed that players make use of salient decision labels to achieve coordination. Consistent with previous work, we find that given equal payoffs, salient labels yield frequent coordination. However, given even minutely asymmetric payoffs, labels lose much of their effectiveness and miscoordination abounds. This raises questions about the extent to which the effectiveness of focal points based on label salience persists beyond the special case of symmetric games. The patterns of miscoordination we observe vary with the magnitude of payoff differences in intricate ways that suggest nonequilibrium accounts based on "level-k" thinking and "team reasoning." |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Since Schelling, it has often been assumed that players make use of salient decision labels to achieve coordination. Consistent with previous work, we find that given equal payoffs, salient labels yield frequent coordination. However, given even minutely asymmetric payoffs, labels lose much of their effectiveness and miscoordination abounds. This raises questions about the extent to which the effectiveness of focal points based on label salience persists beyond the special case of symmetric games. The patterns of miscoordination we observe vary with the magnitude of payoff differences in intricate ways that suggest nonequilibrium accounts based on "level-k" thinking and "team reasoning." Since Schelling, it has often been assumed that players make use of salient decision labels to achieve coordination. Consistent with previous work, we find that given equal payoffs, salient labels yield frequent coordination. However, given even minutely asymmetric payoffs, labels lose much of their effectiveness and miscoordination abounds. This raises questions about the extent to which the effectiveness of focal points based on label salience persists beyond the special case of symmetric games. The patterns of miscoordination we observe vary with the magnitude of payoff differences in intricate ways that suggest nonequilibrium accounts based on "level-k" thinking and "team reasoning." (JEL C72, C92) [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Since Schelling, it has often been assumed that players make use of salient decision labels to achieve coordination. Consistent with previous work, we find that given equal payoffs, salient labels yield frequent coordination. However, given even minutely asymmetric payoffs, labels lose much of their effectiveness and miscoordination abounds. This raises questions about the extent to which the effectiveness of focal points based on label salience persists beyond the special case of symmetric games. The patterns of miscoordination we observe vary with the magnitude of payoff differences in intricate ways that suggest nonequilibrium accounts based on “level-k” thinking and “team reasoning.” (JEL C72, C92) |
| Author | Crawford, Vincent P. Rottenstreich, Yuval Gneezy, Uri |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Vincent P. surname: Crawford fullname: Crawford, Vincent P. – sequence: 2 givenname: Uri surname: Gneezy fullname: Gneezy, Uri – sequence: 3 givenname: Yuval surname: Rottenstreich fullname: Rottenstreich, Yuval |
| BookMark | eNp1kM9rFDEUx4NUcNt69CgED95mza-ZJN7K0tXClnpoDz2FbObFZpmZ1CSjzH9v1hUPBeHB4wuf7-N9v-fobIoTIPSOkjVlrfxkIa21Wos1FYK_QiuqhWikVvQMrQghrFFMsTfoPOcDOWoqV-jp_gnwt_gLEo4eb6OzQ5VhKhnfZLwLYyjQf8bXP2HCt2GaS6XtEr3HV3kZRyhpwbd2wY8Bhh7vbPoOeBNj6sNkS4gT3towzAnyJXrt7ZDh7d99gR621_ebr83u7svN5mrXOCHa0iip-z2IOpQ4r50nXadEz4iXzlpPbCtYqzj4PbOyl45Y3bXW287te8Kh5xfo4-nuc4o_ZsjFjCE7GAY7QZyz4ZJQqjpawQ8vwEOc01R_M4xzQqVquwrxE-RSzDmBNy6UP8FKqsEMJeZYvanVG62MMMfqq6t54XpOYbRp-S___sQfconpH8y0rH8wzX8DZf6STw |
| CODEN | AENRAA |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2021_02_027 crossref_primary_10_1257_aer_104_3_1047 crossref_primary_10_1146_annurev_polisci_032311_110742 crossref_primary_10_1177_10434631241309265 crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_1516019 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2016_10_004 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geb_2021_04_005 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2018_10_008 crossref_primary_10_5131_AJCL_2014_0013 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ress_2012_06_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_euroecorev_2012_12_005 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0254532 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0286876 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_euroecorev_2020_103428 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10683_020_09685_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmp_2018_11_004 crossref_primary_10_3917_redp_283_0311 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2014_09_002 crossref_primary_10_1111_geer_12099 crossref_primary_10_1257_aer_97_5_1731 crossref_primary_10_1287_mnsc_2021_4025 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geb_2019_01_008 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_socec_2022_101924 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2020_05_009 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10683_019_09604_3 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2013_12_004 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_socec_2023_101985 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10683_012_9349_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2011_10_016 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10614_020_10017_1 crossref_primary_10_1111_poms_13454 crossref_primary_10_3390_g4040776 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41412_022_00129_4 crossref_primary_10_1080_00036846_2020_1776835 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11127_016_0321_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geb_2022_10_010 crossref_primary_10_1257_jel_51_1_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jet_2022_105419 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_euroecorev_2016_02_006 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geb_2019_08_001 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2025_107141 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tics_2014_05_010 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2021_04_016 crossref_primary_10_1007_s42973_019_00005_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpubeco_2024_105172 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpubeco_2015_05_005 crossref_primary_10_1287_mnsc_2020_3814 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rie_2016_10_001 crossref_primary_10_1177_1368430211410235 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2025_106937 crossref_primary_10_1017_S0266267121000067 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2011_01_026 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_joep_2023_102631 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11238_017_9589_9 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2013_07_014 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_socec_2015_06_008 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2020_02_017 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10683_021_09717_8 crossref_primary_10_4284_0038_4038_78_3_954 crossref_primary_10_1093_jeea_jvae042 crossref_primary_10_1093_ej_ueaa130 crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_2688599 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11238_016_9572_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_joep_2010_05_009 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11238_012_9325_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geb_2023_12_004 crossref_primary_10_1080_0022250X_2020_1835895 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00182_018_0633_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_euroecorev_2015_07_019 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_econmod_2022_105763 crossref_primary_10_1515_bejte_2013_0026 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2017_01_006 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_euroecorev_2022_104327 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11238_020_09754_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_leaqua_2019_02_001 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_leaqua_2019_04_003 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00199_025_01663_3 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geb_2024_07_010 crossref_primary_10_1080_10463283_2012_718136 crossref_primary_10_3982_QE1212 crossref_primary_10_1177_1527002518771443 crossref_primary_10_1257_aer_20172015 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11238_012_9294_7 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11403_018_0223_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_joep_2018_03_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geb_2015_12_011 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00199_024_01603_7 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geb_2015_07_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_econlet_2022_110552 crossref_primary_10_1287_mnsc_2022_4297 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_econlet_2018_01_006 crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1468_0297_2009_02304_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_euroecorev_2019_07_005 crossref_primary_10_1257_aer_100_4_1892 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geb_2013_12_005 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2019_11_006 crossref_primary_10_1257_mic_4_2_77 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chieco_2023_102080 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2017_05_015 crossref_primary_10_19053_01203053_v41_n73_2022_13496 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_labeco_2021_102044 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11127_018_0618_1 crossref_primary_10_1073_pnas_1400826111 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geb_2012_05_007 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_socec_2015_11_004 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2015_06_008 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geb_2019_11_003 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2015_00306 crossref_primary_10_1287_mnsc_2023_00518 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geb_2015_05_001 crossref_primary_10_3389_frbhe_2025_1569272 crossref_primary_10_1017_S1930297500009116 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jesp_2025_104775 crossref_primary_10_1111_ecin_12097 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12204_023_2681_0 crossref_primary_10_1007_s41412_019_00083_8 crossref_primary_10_1086_719747 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10683_018_09600_z crossref_primary_10_1111_j_1539_6924_2011_01701_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jesp_2010_01_005 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11229_012_0131_x crossref_primary_10_1007_s10683_021_09719_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_physa_2022_126972 crossref_primary_10_1287_mnsc_2014_2012 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2019_02_004 crossref_primary_10_1257_aer_104_10_3256 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2021_08_036 crossref_primary_10_1017_S1930297500009104 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41562_022_01440_5 crossref_primary_10_1002_mde_2613 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_euroecorev_2018_07_003 crossref_primary_10_1093_jeea_jvy030 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geb_2017_02_016 crossref_primary_10_1287_mnsc_1090_1067 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_019_43260_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2020_01_010 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jeem_2024_102977 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jebo_2010_03_025 crossref_primary_10_2139_ssrn_2172473 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1111/j.1468-0297.1997.tb00028.x 10.2307/2938191 10.1016/0899-8256(92)90019-O 10.1006/jeth.1999.2573 10.2307/2946661 10.1016/j.jebo.2002.10.001 10.1016/S0167-2681(97)00007-3 10.1006/jeth.2000.2674 10.1006/jeth.1997.2359 10.1007/BF01079211 10.2307/2555734 10.1111/j.1468-0262.2007.00810.x 10.1111/1468-0262.00239 10.1016/0167-2681(94)90103-1 10.1162/0033553041502225 10.1006/game.1993.1026 10.2307/2951699 10.1006/obhd.1999.2826 10.1073/pnas.84.7.2106 10.1006/game.1995.1031 10.2307/2118488 10.1257/aer.97.5.1731 10.1287/mnsc.1050.0423 10.1037/0022-3514.81.1.5 10.2307/2937932 10.1257/aer.96.5.1737 10.1006/game.1995.1040 10.1016/0165-1765(92)90217-M 10.1016/0899-8256(92)90040-Y 10.1016/1062-9769(95)90048-9 10.1006/game.1997.0546 10.2307/2235016 10.1006/game.1999.0723 10.1006/jmps.1998.1217 10.1006/game.2000.0796 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Copyright 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 American Economic Association Copyright American Economic Association Sep 2008 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: Copyright 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 American Economic Association – notice: Copyright American Economic Association Sep 2008 |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION 0-V 3V. 7WY 7WZ 7X7 7XB 87Z 88C 88E 88J 8BJ 8FI 8FJ 8FK 8FL 8G5 ABUWG AFKRA ALSLI AZQEC BENPR BEZIV CCPQU DWQXO FQK FRNLG FYUFA F~G GHDGH GNUQQ GUQSH JBE K60 K6~ K9. L.- M0C M0S M0T M1P M2O M2R MBDVC PHGZM PHGZT PJZUB PKEHL POGQB PPXIY PQBIZ PQBZA PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS PRQQA Q9U |
| DOI | 10.1257/aer.98.4.1443 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection ProQuest Central (Corporate) ABI/INFORM Collection ABI/INFORM Global (PDF only) Health & Medical Collection ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016) ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition) Healthcare Administration Database (Alumni) Medical Database (Alumni Edition) Social Science Database (Alumni Edition) International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) Hospital Premium Collection Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ABI/INFORM Collection (Alumni Edition) Research Library (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central ProQuest Central UK/Ireland Social Science Premium Collection ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central Business Premium Collection ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central Korea International Bibliography of the Social Sciences Business Premium Collection (Alumni) Health Research Premium Collection ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate) Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Central Student Research Library Prep International Bibliography of the Social Sciences ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Business Collection ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced ABI/INFORM Global Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition) Healthcare Administration Database Medical Database Research Library Social Science Database Research Library (Corporate) ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic (New) ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Sociology & Social Sciences Collection ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest One Business ProQuest One Business (Alumni) ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic (retired) ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China ProQuest One Social Sciences ProQuest Central Basic |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition) Research Library Prep ProQuest Central Student ProQuest Central Essentials Sociology & Social Sciences Collection ProQuest Central China ABI/INFORM Complete Health Research Premium Collection Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest Medical Library (Alumni) Business Premium Collection Social Science Premium Collection ABI/INFORM Global ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Hospital Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Business Collection ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Health & Medical Complete ProQuest Social Science Journals ProQuest Social Sciences Premium Collection ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Health Management (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New) ABI/INFORM Global (Corporate) ProQuest One Business ProQuest Sociology & Social Sciences Collection ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Social Science Journals (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Community College ProQuest One Health & Nursing Research Library (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central ABI/INFORM Professional Advanced ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Korea ProQuest Research Library ABI/INFORM Complete (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Social Sciences ABI/INFORM Global (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Basic ProQuest Health Management ProQuest Medical Library ProQuest One Business (Alumni) ProQuest Central (Alumni) Business Premium Collection (Alumni) |
| DatabaseTitleList | ProQuest Business Collection (Alumni Edition) CrossRef |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: BENPR name: ProQuest Central url: https://www.proquest.com/central sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Economics Law |
| EISSN | 1944-7981 |
| EndPage | 1458 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 1556007601 10_1257_aer_98_4_1443 29730129 |
| Genre | Feature |
| GroupedDBID | --- --Z -DZ -ET -~X ..I .L6 0-V 1OL 23M 2AX 2FS 2KS 3EH 3R3 4.4 5GY 6J9 7WY 7X7 85S 88E 8FI 8FJ 8FL 8G5 AABCJ AAIKC AAMNW AAWTO AAXLS AAYJJ AAYOK ABAWQ ABBHK ABEFU ABEHJ ABGFU ABKVW ABPFR ABPPZ ABPQH ABUWG ABXSQ ABYYQ ABZIE ACHJO ACHQT ACIHN ACNCT ACUBG ACXJH ADBBV ADGDI ADJVP ADMHG ADULT AEAQA AEMOZ AEUPB AFAIT AFFNX AFKRA AFTQD AFXHP AGKTX AHAJD AHQJS AKVCP ALIPV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALSLI APTMU AQUVI ARALO ASMEE AZQEC BENPR BEZIV BPHCQ BVXVI CBXGM CCKSF CCPQU CS3 CYVLN DWQXO E.L EBA EBD EBE EBO EBR EBS EBU ECR EJD EMK EOH EPL F5P FRNLG FVMVE FYUFA GNUQQ GROUPED_ABI_INFORM_RESEARCH GUPYA GUQSH HMCUK HVGLF H~9 IPSME JAAYA JAS JBC JBMMH JBZCM JENOY JHFFW JKQEH JLEZI JLXEF JPL JPPEU JST K1G K60 K6~ KOO L7B LU7 M0C M0T M1P M2O M2R MRY MVM NLV OK1 OMK P-O P2P PHGZM PHGZT PQBIZ PQBZA PQQKQ PRG PROAC PSQYO RNS RXW SA0 SJN TH9 TN5 U5U UHB UKHRP UMD UPT USG WH7 X6Y XIH XOL XSW XZL YOJ YYP YYQ ZCA ZCG ~45 ~A~ ~KM AAYXX ABCQX ABUFD AFFHD CITATION PJZUB PPXIY PRQQA 3V. 7XB 8BJ 8FK FQK JBE K9. L.- MBDVC PKEHL POGQB PQEST PQUKI PRINS Q9U PUEGO |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c445t-879dbe4be410cf9cf06684d20f7caaf0a542583efb2a7d7c0a965afa6cbd03ed3 |
| IEDL.DBID | BENPR |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 152 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000259978600011&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 0002-8282 |
| IngestDate | Thu Oct 02 06:28:02 EDT 2025 Thu Nov 27 12:11:53 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 06:18:34 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 21:45:02 EST 2025 Thu Jul 03 21:13:33 EDT 2025 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 4 |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c445t-879dbe4be410cf9cf06684d20f7caaf0a542583efb2a7d7c0a965afa6cbd03ed3 |
| Notes | SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-2 content type line 23 |
| PQID | 233017856 |
| PQPubID | 42182 |
| PageCount | 16 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_37011861 proquest_journals_233017856 crossref_citationtrail_10_1257_aer_98_4_1443 crossref_primary_10_1257_aer_98_4_1443 jstor_primary_29730129 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2008-09-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2008-09-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 09 year: 2008 text: 2008-09-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2000 |
| PublicationPlace | Nashville |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Nashville |
| PublicationTitle | The American economic review |
| PublicationYear | 2008 |
| Publisher | American Economic Association |
| Publisher_xml | – name: American Economic Association |
| References | p_27 p_28 Rubinstein Ariel (p_42) 1993 Cooper Russell W (p_18) 1993; 83 p_23 p_45 Nagel Rosemarie (p_37) 1995; 85 p_46 p_25 p_47 p_26 p_48 Ho Teck-Hua (p_34) 1998; 88 Bacharach Michael (p_1) 1993 p_41 p_20 p_21 p_40 p_16 p_38 p_17 p_39 Van Huyck John B (p_49) 1990; 80 p_2 p_19 p_12 p_3 p_13 p_35 p_6 p_14 p_5 p_9 Mehta Judith (p_36) 1994; 84 Crawford Vincent P (p_24) 1998; 88 Cooper Russell W (p_15) 1990; 80 p_52 p_31 p_53 p_10 p_32 p_54 p_50 p_51 |
| References_xml | – ident: p_52 doi: 10.1111/j.1468-0297.1997.tb00028.x – ident: p_25 doi: 10.2307/2938191 – volume: 80 start-page: 234 issue: 1 year: 1990 ident: p_49 publication-title: American Economic Review – volume: 80 start-page: 218 issue: 1 year: 1990 ident: p_15 publication-title: American Economic Review – ident: p_39 doi: 10.1016/0899-8256(92)90019-O – ident: p_6 doi: 10.1006/jeth.1999.2573 – ident: p_10 doi: 10.2307/2946661 – ident: p_31 doi: 10.1016/j.jebo.2002.10.001 – ident: p_53 doi: 10.1016/S0167-2681(97)00007-3 – ident: p_5 doi: 10.1006/jeth.2000.2674 – volume: 88 start-page: 198 issue: 1 year: 1998 ident: p_24 publication-title: American Economic Review – ident: p_23 doi: 10.1006/jeth.1997.2359 – ident: p_35 doi: 10.1007/BF01079211 – ident: p_14 doi: 10.2307/2555734 – volume: 83 start-page: 1303 issue: 5 year: 1993 ident: p_18 publication-title: American Economic Review – ident: p_27 doi: 10.1111/j.1468-0262.2007.00810.x – ident: p_19 doi: 10.1111/1468-0262.00239 – ident: p_45 doi: 10.1016/0167-2681(94)90103-1 – volume: 88 start-page: 947 issue: 4 year: 1998 ident: p_34 publication-title: American Economic Review – ident: p_13 doi: 10.1162/0033553041502225 – ident: p_51 doi: 10.1006/game.1993.1026 – ident: p_21 doi: 10.2307/2951699 – ident: p_32 doi: 10.1006/obhd.1999.2826 – ident: p_38 doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.7.2106 – volume: 84 start-page: 658 issue: 3 year: 1994 ident: p_36 publication-title: American Economic Review – ident: p_46 doi: 10.1006/game.1995.1031 – start-page: 17 year: 1993 ident: p_42 publication-title: Tel Aviv University Sackler Institute of Economic Studies Working Paper – volume: 85 start-page: 1313 issue: 5 year: 1995 ident: p_37 publication-title: American Economic Review – ident: p_16 doi: 10.2307/2118488 – ident: p_26 doi: 10.1257/aer.97.5.1731 – ident: p_28 doi: 10.1287/mnsc.1050.0423 – ident: p_40 doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.81.1.5 – ident: p_50 doi: 10.2307/2937932 – ident: p_20 doi: 10.1257/aer.96.5.1737 – ident: p_9 doi: 10.1006/game.1995.1040 – ident: p_17 doi: 10.1016/0165-1765(92)90217-M – ident: p_54 doi: 10.1016/0899-8256(92)90040-Y – ident: p_47 doi: 10.1016/1062-9769(95)90048-9 – ident: p_2 doi: 10.1006/game.1997.0546 – ident: p_48 doi: 10.2307/2235016 – ident: p_41 doi: 10.1006/game.1999.0723 – ident: p_12 doi: 10.1006/jmps.1998.1217 – start-page: 255 year: 1993 ident: p_1 publication-title: Frontiers of Game Theory, ed. Kenneth Binmore, Alan Kirman, and Piero Tani – ident: p_3 doi: 10.1006/game.2000.0796 |
| SSID | ssj0000217 |
| Score | 2.3845088 |
| Snippet | Since Schelling, it has often been assumed that players make use of salient decision labels to achieve coordination. Consistent with previous work, we find... |
| SourceID | proquest crossref jstor |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 1443 |
| SubjectTerms | Asymmetry Communication Coordination Coordination failures Coordination games Economic theory Effectiveness Equilibrium theory Experiments Focal points Game theory Group dynamics High rise buildings Labeling Modeling Pay-off Payoffs Policy co-ordination Reasoning Return on investment Roles Salience Saliency Studies |
| Title | The Power of Focal Points Is Limited: Even Minute Payoff Asymmetry May Yield Large Coordination Failures |
| URI | https://www.jstor.org/stable/29730129 https://www.proquest.com/docview/233017856 https://www.proquest.com/docview/37011861 |
| Volume | 98 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos000259978600011&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| journalDatabaseRights | – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ABI/INFORM Collection customDbUrl: eissn: 1944-7981 dateEnd: 20190531 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000217 issn: 0002-8282 databaseCode: 7WY dateStart: 19870301 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/abicomplete providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ABI/INFORM Global customDbUrl: eissn: 1944-7981 dateEnd: 20190531 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000217 issn: 0002-8282 databaseCode: M0C dateStart: 19870301 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/abiglobal providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Health & Medical Collection customDbUrl: eissn: 1944-7981 dateEnd: 20190531 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000217 issn: 0002-8282 databaseCode: 7X7 dateStart: 19870301 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Healthcare Administration Database customDbUrl: eissn: 1944-7981 dateEnd: 20190531 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000217 issn: 0002-8282 databaseCode: M0T dateStart: 19870301 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthmanagement providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Central customDbUrl: eissn: 1944-7981 dateEnd: 20190531 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000217 issn: 0002-8282 databaseCode: BENPR dateStart: 19870301 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Research Library customDbUrl: eissn: 1944-7981 dateEnd: 20190531 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000217 issn: 0002-8282 databaseCode: M2O dateStart: 19870301 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/pqrl providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Social Science Database customDbUrl: eissn: 1944-7981 dateEnd: 20190531 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0000217 issn: 0002-8282 databaseCode: M2R dateStart: 19870301 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/socscijournals providerName: ProQuest |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3db9MwED_RDgle-BhMlMHwA-KJbPlw4oQXNKpWILWlmgZ0T5HjDy3SlmxNCup_z12aBCEEL0jRSZbPUuTf-Xxnn-8AXnuRjf1AG8e3vnC48bQjlQ2dxArlBaHUpsnA93UmFot4tUqWbWxO1YZVdjqxUdS6VHRGfuKj402V5KP3N7cOFY2iy9W2gsYA9ihRGR_C3ofJYnn2SxX7nujtX3Qu2iSbKKYn0qyPk_iY0-1m8NumtItL_EM3NxvO9OF__uojeNBamux0JxqP4Y4p9uFe9xC52ofBTP54ApcoKGxJtdJYadmUtjZs5kVdsU8Va98_vWMTVIpsnhebGrnltrSWnVbb62tTr7dsLrfsgkLh2IwCy9m4RJc2350zsqnMKfS9egpfppPz8UenLb_gKM7DGvVkojPD8fNcZRNl0TqJufZdhFFK68oQ13scGJv5UmihXJlEobQyUpl2A6ODAxgWZWGeAcMp5tz6YRaYkCthEhcHSqNdk6GFFHojeNvNf6ra3ORUIuMqJR8F4UoRrjSJU54SXCN407Pf7JJy_I3xoAGz56JKXXT0NoLDDrq0XbRV2uM2gld9L642ukKRhSk3VRoIeqkbec__Of4Q7ndhJa73Aob1emNewl31vc6r9REMxLcLoitx1AostubuuKHnRP3PDT37CUdI9bA |
| linkProvider | ProQuest |
| linkToHtml | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9QwEB61BalceBQqlgL1ATiRNnGcFxJCVemqq2ZXPSyonIzjh4hEk7LJUuVH8R8Z54UQglsPSLlEGUdx_M2MZzwPgBdeaGLqK-1QQyOHaU85QprASUwkPT8QSrcV-D6m0WIRX1wk5xvwY8iFsWGVg0xsBbUqpfWRH1I0vG0n-fDd1TfHNo2yh6tDB40OFWe6uUaLrXo7e4_L-5LS6cny-NTpmwo4krGgRu5PVKYZXp4rTSIN6tyYKerixwlhXBEgimNfm4yKSEXSFUkYCCNCmSnX18rH927CLVtWz0YQzt3lL8FPvWjcbaMp05f0RKY4FHp1kMQHzJ6l-r-pwC4K8g9N0Kq36b3_7Mfch7v9PpocdcB_ABu62IHtIc262oHNVFw_hC_IBuTcdoIjpSFTq7jxNi_qiswq0md3vSEnKPLJPC_WNVKLpjSGHFXN5aWuVw2Zi4Z8soF-JLVh8-S4xFnmnReVTEVuA_urR_DhRqa7C1tFWejHQHBJGTM0yHwdMBnpxMWBQitXZ7j_C7wJvB7Wm8u-8rptAPKVWwsM4cERHjyJOeMWHhN4NZJfdSVH_ka424JnpLJ9yKxjcQJ7A1R4L5IqPuJkAvvjU5Ql9oBIFLpcV9yPbB5y6D355_h92D5dzlOezhZne3BnCKBxvaewVa_W-hnclt_rvFo9b9mDwOebht1PyDlPQA |
| linkToPdf | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9QwEB61BQEXHoWKpUB9AE6kmzh2HkgIVW0jVt1drRCgcjKOY6uR2qRsslT5afw7xpsHQghuPSDlEmUcxfE3M57xPABeeIGJqJ9phxoaOkx7mSOV4U5sQuX5XGZ6XYHv8zScz6PT03ixAT_6XBgbVtnLxLWgzkplfeRjioa37SQfjE0XFbE4St5dfnNsAyl70Np302gRcqKbK7TeqreTI1zql5Qmxx8P3ztdgwFHMcZrlARxlmqGl-cqEyuD-jdiGXXxQ6U0ruSI6MjXJqUyzELlyjjg0shApZnr68zH927CjZBxbplrRj_8UgLUC4edN5o1XXlPZJCx1Mv9ONpn9lzV_00dthGRf2iFtapL7v3HP-k-3O321-SgZYgHsKGLbbjdp19X27A5lVcP4QzZgyxshzhSGpJYhY63eVFXZFKRLuvrDTlGVUBmebGqkVo2pTHkoGouLnS9bMhMNuSLDQAkUxtOTw5LnGXeeldJInMb8F89gk_XMt0d2CrKQj8GgsvLmKE89TVnKtSxiwOlzlyd4r6QeyN43a-9UF1FdtsY5FxYywyhIhAqIo4EExYqI3g1kF-2pUj-RrizBtJAZfuTWYfjCHZ72IhOVFViwMwI9oanKGPswZEsdLmqhB_a_OTAe_LP8XtwC9EmppP5yS7c6eNqXO8pbNXLlX4GN9X3Oq-Wz9ecQuDrdaPuJ1KNWAg |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Power+of+Focal+Points+Is+Limited%3A+Even+Minute+Payoff+Asymmetry+May+Yield+Large+Coordination+Failures&rft.jtitle=The+American+economic+review&rft.au=Crawford%2C+Vincent+P.&rft.au=Gneezy%2C+Uri&rft.au=Rottenstreich%2C+Yuval&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.pub=American+Economic+Association&rft.issn=0002-8282&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1443&rft.epage=1458&rft_id=info:doi/10.1257%2Faer.98.4.1443&rft.externalDocID=29730129 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0002-8282&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0002-8282&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0002-8282&client=summon |