Genomic and non-genomic effects of androgens in the cardiovascular system: clinical implications

The principle steroidal androgens are testosterone and its metabolite 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which is converted from testosterone by the enzyme 5α-reductase. Through the classic pathway with androgens crossing the plasma membrane and binding to the androgen receptor (AR) or via mechanisms ind...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical science (1979) Vol. 131; no. 13; p. 1405
Main Authors: Lucas-Herald, Angela K, Alves-Lopes, Rheure, Montezano, Augusto C, Ahmed, S Faisal, Touyz, Rhian M
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England 01.07.2017
Subjects:
Androgens - physiology
Apoptosis - physiology
Cardiovascular Diseases - drug therapy
Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena - genetics
Cardiovascular System - metabolism
DNA - metabolism
Genomics
Humans
Kidney - physiology
Penile Erection - physiology
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Receptors, Androgen - metabolism
Testosterone - physiology
Testosterone - therapeutic use
androgen receptor
cardiovascular
genomic
non-genomic
ISSN:1470-8736, 1470-8736
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:The principle steroidal androgens are testosterone and its metabolite 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which is converted from testosterone by the enzyme 5α-reductase. Through the classic pathway with androgens crossing the plasma membrane and binding to the androgen receptor (AR) or via mechanisms independent of the ligand-dependent transactivation function of nuclear receptors, testosterone induces genomic and non-genomic effects respectively. AR is widely distributed in several tissues, including vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Androgens are essential for many developmental and physiological processes, especially in male reproductive tissues. It is now clear that androgens have multiple actions besides sex differentiation and sexual maturation and that many physiological systems are influenced by androgens, including regulation of cardiovascular function [nitric oxide (NO) release, Ca mobilization, vascular apoptosis, hypertrophy, calcification, senescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation]. This review focuses on evidence indicating that interplay between genomic and non-genomic actions of testosterone may influence cardiovascular function.
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ISSN:1470-8736
1470-8736
DOI:10.1042/CS20170090