Analytical Study of Hybrid Techniques for Image Encryption and Decryption

The majority of imaging techniques use symmetric and asymmetric cryptography algorithms to encrypt digital media. Most of the research works contributed in the literature focus primarily on the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm for encryption and decryption. This paper propose an analysis...

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Published in:	Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 20; no. 18; p. 5162
Main Authors:	Chowdhary, Chiranji Lal, Patel, Pushpam Virenbhai, Kathrotia, Krupal Jaysukhbhai, Attique, Muhammad, Perumal, Kumaresan, Ijaz, Muhammad Fazal
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI 10.09.2020 MDPI AG
Subjects:	advanced encryption standard cryptography algorithm double playfair cipher elliptic curve cryptography encryption and decryption hill cipher encryption and decryption Number of Pixels Change Rate (NPCR) double playfair cipher hill cipher advanced encryption standard lossy compression peak signal to noise ratio Unified Average Changing Intensity (UACI) cryptography algorithm elliptic curve cryptography
ISSN:	1424-8220, 1424-8220
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Abstract	The majority of imaging techniques use symmetric and asymmetric cryptography algorithms to encrypt digital media. Most of the research works contributed in the literature focus primarily on the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm for encryption and decryption. This paper propose an analysis for performing image encryption and decryption by hybridization of Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) with Hill Cipher (HC), ECC with Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and ElGamal with Double Playfair Cipher (DPC). This analysis is based on the following parameters: (i) Encryption and decryption time, (ii) entropy of encrypted image, (iii) loss in intensity of the decrypted image, (iv) Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), (v) Number of Pixels Change Rate (NPCR), and (vi) Unified Average Changing Intensity (UACI). The hybrid process involves the speed and ease of implementation from symmetric algorithms, as well as improved security from asymmetric algorithms. ECC and ElGamal cryptosystems provide asymmetric key cryptography, while HC, AES, and DPC are symmetric key algorithms. ECC with AES are perfect for remote or private communications with smaller image sizes based on the amount of time needed for encryption and decryption. The metric measurement with test cases finds that ECC and HC have a good overall solution for image encryption.
AbstractList	The majority of imaging techniques use symmetric and asymmetric cryptography algorithms to encrypt digital media. Most of the research works contributed in the literature focus primarily on the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm for encryption and decryption. This paper propose an analysis for performing image encryption and decryption by hybridization of Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) with Hill Cipher (HC), ECC with Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and ElGamal with Double Playfair Cipher (DPC). This analysis is based on the following parameters: (i) Encryption and decryption time, (ii) entropy of encrypted image, (iii) loss in intensity of the decrypted image, (iv) Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), (v) Number of Pixels Change Rate (NPCR), and (vi) Unified Average Changing Intensity (UACI). The hybrid process involves the speed and ease of implementation from symmetric algorithms, as well as improved security from asymmetric algorithms. ECC and ElGamal cryptosystems provide asymmetric key cryptography, while HC, AES, and DPC are symmetric key algorithms. ECC with AES are perfect for remote or private communications with smaller image sizes based on the amount of time needed for encryption and decryption. The metric measurement with test cases finds that ECC and HC have a good overall solution for image encryption. The majority of imaging techniques use symmetric and asymmetric cryptography algorithms to encrypt digital media. Most of the research works contributed in the literature focus primarily on the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm for encryption and decryption. This paper propose an analysis for performing image encryption and decryption by hybridization of Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) with Hill Cipher (HC), ECC with Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and ElGamal with Double Playfair Cipher (DPC). This analysis is based on the following parameters: (i) Encryption and decryption time, (ii) entropy of encrypted image, (iii) loss in intensity of the decrypted image, (iv) Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), (v) Number of Pixels Change Rate (NPCR), and (vi) Unified Average Changing Intensity (UACI). The hybrid process involves the speed and ease of implementation from symmetric algorithms, as well as improved security from asymmetric algorithms. ECC and ElGamal cryptosystems provide asymmetric key cryptography, while HC, AES, and DPC are symmetric key algorithms. ECC with AES are perfect for remote or private communications with smaller image sizes based on the amount of time needed for encryption and decryption. The metric measurement with test cases finds that ECC and HC have a good overall solution for image encryption.The majority of imaging techniques use symmetric and asymmetric cryptography algorithms to encrypt digital media. Most of the research works contributed in the literature focus primarily on the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm for encryption and decryption. This paper propose an analysis for performing image encryption and decryption by hybridization of Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) with Hill Cipher (HC), ECC with Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and ElGamal with Double Playfair Cipher (DPC). This analysis is based on the following parameters: (i) Encryption and decryption time, (ii) entropy of encrypted image, (iii) loss in intensity of the decrypted image, (iv) Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), (v) Number of Pixels Change Rate (NPCR), and (vi) Unified Average Changing Intensity (UACI). The hybrid process involves the speed and ease of implementation from symmetric algorithms, as well as improved security from asymmetric algorithms. ECC and ElGamal cryptosystems provide asymmetric key cryptography, while HC, AES, and DPC are symmetric key algorithms. ECC with AES are perfect for remote or private communications with smaller image sizes based on the amount of time needed for encryption and decryption. The metric measurement with test cases finds that ECC and HC have a good overall solution for image encryption.
Author	Chowdhary, Chiranji Lal Attique, Muhammad Ijaz, Muhammad Fazal Patel, Pushpam Virenbhai Kathrotia, Krupal Jaysukhbhai Perumal, Kumaresan
AuthorAffiliation	2 School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India; pushpam.patel2017@vitstudent.ac.in (P.V.P.); krupal.kathrotia2017@vitstudent.ac.in (K.J.K.) 1 School of Information Technology and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India; chiranji.lal@vit.ac.in (C.L.C.); pkumaresan@vit.ac.in (K.P.) 3 Department of Software, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea; attique@sejong.ac.kr 4 Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 2 School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India; pushpam.patel2017@vitstudent.ac.in (P.V.P.); krupal.kathrotia2017@vitstudent.ac.in (K.J.K.) – name: 1 School of Information Technology and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India; chiranji.lal@vit.ac.in (C.L.C.); pkumaresan@vit.ac.in (K.P.) – name: 4 Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea – name: 3 Department of Software, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea; attique@sejong.ac.kr
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Chiranji Lal orcidid: 0000-0002-5476-1468 surname: Chowdhary fullname: Chowdhary, Chiranji Lal – sequence: 2 givenname: Pushpam Virenbhai surname: Patel fullname: Patel, Pushpam Virenbhai – sequence: 3 givenname: Krupal Jaysukhbhai surname: Kathrotia fullname: Kathrotia, Krupal Jaysukhbhai – sequence: 4 givenname: Muhammad orcidid: 0000-0002-7237-180X surname: Attique fullname: Attique, Muhammad – sequence: 5 givenname: Kumaresan orcidid: 0000-0001-5563-8325 surname: Perumal fullname: Perumal, Kumaresan – sequence: 6 givenname: Muhammad Fazal orcidid: 0000-0001-5206-272X surname: Ijaz fullname: Ijaz, Muhammad Fazal
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Keywords	encryption and decryption Number of Pixels Change Rate (NPCR) double playfair cipher hill cipher advanced encryption standard lossy compression peak signal to noise ratio Unified Average Changing Intensity (UACI) cryptography algorithm elliptic curve cryptography
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SubjectTerms	advanced encryption standard cryptography algorithm double playfair cipher elliptic curve cryptography encryption and decryption hill cipher
Title	Analytical Study of Hybrid Techniques for Image Encryption and Decryption
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