Modelling light-sharing in agrivoltaics: the open-source Python Agrivoltaic Simulation Environment (PASE 1.0)

Driven by the urge to expand renewable energy generation and mitigate the intensifying extreme climatic events effects on crops, development of agrivoltaics is currently accelerating. However, harmonious deployment requires to assess both photovoltaic and crop yields to ensure simultaneous complianc...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Agroforestry systems Jg. 98; H. 8; S. 2747 - 2764
Hauptverfasser:	Bruhwyler, Roxane, De Cock, Nicolas, Brunet, Pascal, Leloux, Jonathan, Souquet, Pierre, Perez, Etienne, Drahi, Etienne, Dittmann, Sebastian, Lebeau, Frédéric
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.12.2024 Springer Nature B.V Springer Science and Business Media B.V
Schlagworte:	Agricultural production Agriculture Agriculture & agronomie Agriculture & agronomy agrivoltaic systems Agrivoltaics agroforestry Agronomy and Crop Science Biomedical and Life Sciences compliance Computer science Crop model Crop yield econometric models Efficiency Energie Energy Engineering, computing & technology Forestry Ingénierie, informatique & technologie Irradiation land productivity Life Sciences Modelling Photovoltaics Python Radiation Ray tracing Renewable energy renewable energy sources Row spacing Sciences du vivant Sciences informatiques Sensitivity analysis stakeholders wheat Agrivoltaics Ray tracing Modelling Crop model Efficiency
ISSN:	0167-4366, 1572-9680, 1572-9680
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Abstract	Driven by the urge to expand renewable energy generation and mitigate the intensifying extreme climatic events effects on crops, development of agrivoltaics is currently accelerating. However, harmonious deployment requires to assess both photovoltaic and crop yields to ensure simultaneous compliance with energetic and agricultural objectives of stakeholders within evolving local legal contexts. Based on the community’s priority modelling needs, this paper presents the Python Agrivoltaic Simulation Environment (PASE), an MIT-licensed framework developed in partnership to assess the land productivity of agrivoltaic systems. The various expected benefits of this development are outlined, along with the open-source business model established with partners and the subsequent developments stemming from it. Examples illustrate how PASE effectively fulfils two primary requirements encountered by agrivoltaics stakeholders: predict irradiation on relevant surfaces and estimate agricultural and energy yields. In a dedicated experiment, PASE light model assumptions resulted in 1% error in the daily irradiation received by a sensor under two contrasted types of sky conditions. PASE’s ability to predict photovoltaic and crop yields and land equivalent ratio over several years is demonstrated for wheat on the BIODIV-SOLAR pilot. Ultimately, a sensitivity analysis of inter-row spacing demonstrates its usefulness to optimise systems according to different criteria.
AbstractList	Driven by the urge to expand renewable energy generation and mitigate the intensifying extreme climatic events effects on crops, development of agrivoltaics is currently accelerating. However, harmonious deployment requires to assess both photovoltaic and crop yields to ensure simultaneous compliance with energetic and agricultural objectives of stakeholders within evolving local legal contexts. Based on the community’s priority modelling needs, this paper presents the Python Agrivoltaic Simulation Environment (PASE), an MIT-licensed framework developed in partnership to assess the land productivity of agrivoltaic systems. The various expected benefits of this development are outlined, along with the open-source business model established with partners and the subsequent developments stemming from it. Examples illustrate how PASE effectively fulfils two primary requirements encountered by agrivoltaics stakeholders: predict irradiation on relevant surfaces and estimate agricultural and energy yields. In a dedicated experiment, PASE light model assumptions resulted in 1% error in the daily irradiation received by a sensor under two contrasted types of sky conditions. PASE’s ability to predict photovoltaic and crop yields and land equivalent ratio over several years is demonstrated for wheat on the BIODIV-SOLAR pilot. Ultimately, a sensitivity analysis of inter-row spacing demonstrates its usefulness to optimise systems according to different criteria.
Author	De Cock, Nicolas Dittmann, Sebastian Leloux, Jonathan Perez, Etienne Lebeau, Frédéric Souquet, Pierre Drahi, Etienne Brunet, Pascal Bruhwyler, Roxane
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Roxane surname: Bruhwyler fullname: Bruhwyler, Roxane organization: DEAL, BioDynE, Liege University – sequence: 2 givenname: Nicolas surname: De Cock fullname: De Cock, Nicolas organization: DC-Core – sequence: 3 givenname: Pascal surname: Brunet fullname: Brunet, Pascal organization: Naldeo Technologies Industries – sequence: 4 givenname: Jonathan surname: Leloux fullname: Leloux, Jonathan organization: LuciSun – sequence: 5 givenname: Pierre surname: Souquet fullname: Souquet, Pierre organization: TotalEnergies OneTech, PERL – sequence: 6 givenname: Etienne surname: Perez fullname: Perez, Etienne organization: Ombrea – sequence: 7 givenname: Etienne surname: Drahi fullname: Drahi, Etienne organization: TotalEnergies OneTech – sequence: 8 givenname: Sebastian surname: Dittmann fullname: Dittmann, Sebastian organization: Fraunhofer-Center for Silicon Photovoltaics CSP, Hochschule Anhalt University of Applied Sciences – sequence: 9 givenname: Frédéric surname: Lebeau fullname: Lebeau, Frédéric email: f.lebeau@ulg.ac.be organization: DEAL, BioDynE, Liege University
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Cites_doi	10.1016/j.fcr.2012.03.016 10.1080/01425918208909875 10.1007/s10457-023-00906-3 10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300652 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119560 10.1016/j.solener.2021.10.051 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.09.113 10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.024 10.1016/j.rser.2023.114018 10.2760/208702 10.1093/insilicoplants/diad009 10.1016/j.solener.2019.09.041 10.1007/978-3-662-55565-1_17 10.5194/gmd-13-2315-2020 10.1016/j.atech.2022.100168 10.1016/j.eja.2019.01.009 10.1016/j.agwat.2018.07.001 10.1016/j.renene.2011.03.005 10.1109/CVPR52688.2022.00811 10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100875 10.1002/pip.2616 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.118475 10.1016/j.compag.2023.108157 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110694 10.1002/9781118671603 10.17705/1cais.01637 10.2172/1660126 10.35690/978-2-7592-3679-4 10.1016/j.esd.2012.06.006 10.1016/j.seta.2023.103425 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.081 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129091
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SubjectTerms	Agricultural production Agriculture Agriculture & agronomie Agriculture & agronomy agrivoltaic systems Agrivoltaics agroforestry Agronomy and Crop Science Biomedical and Life Sciences compliance Computer science Crop model Crop yield econometric models Efficiency Energie Energy Engineering, computing & technology Forestry Ingénierie, informatique & technologie Irradiation land productivity Life Sciences Modelling Photovoltaics Python Radiation Ray tracing Renewable energy renewable energy sources Row spacing Sciences du vivant Sciences informatiques Sensitivity analysis stakeholders wheat
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Title	Modelling light-sharing in agrivoltaics: the open-source Python Agrivoltaic Simulation Environment (PASE 1.0)
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