Hepatitis B virus genotypes: global distribution and clinical importance

At least 600000 individuals worldwide annually die of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related diseases, such as chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Many viral factors, such as viral load, genotype, and specific viral mutations, are known to affect disease pro...

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Vydané v:World journal of gastroenterology : WJG Ročník 20; číslo 18; s. 5427
Hlavný autor: Sunbul, Mustafa
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: United States 14.05.2014
Predmet:
Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use
Biomarkers - blood
Drug Resistance, Viral
Genotype
Global Health
Hepatitis B - diagnosis
Hepatitis B - drug therapy
Hepatitis B - epidemiology
Hepatitis B - immunology
Hepatitis B - virology
Hepatitis B e Antigens - blood
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - blood
Hepatitis B virus - drug effects
Hepatitis B virus - genetics
Hepatitis B virus - immunology
Hepatitis B virus - pathogenicity
Humans
Phenotype
Treatment Outcome
Hepatitis B virus
Viral mutation
Anti-viral therapy
Chronic hepatitis B
Genotypes
ISSN:2219-2840, 2219-2840
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Popis
Shrnutí:At least 600000 individuals worldwide annually die of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related diseases, such as chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Many viral factors, such as viral load, genotype, and specific viral mutations, are known to affect disease progression. HBV reverse transcriptase does not have a proofreading function, therefore, many HBV genotypes, sub-genotypes, mutants, and recombinants emerge. Differences between genotypes in response to antiviral treatment have been determined. To date, 10 HBV genotypes, scattered across different geographical regions, have been identified. For example, genotype A has a tendency for chronicity, whereas viral mutations are frequently encountered in genotype C. Both chronicity and mutation frequency are common in genotype D. LC and progression to HCC are more commonly encountered with genotypes C and D than the other genotypes. Pathogenic differences between HBV genotypes explain disease intensity, progression to LC, and HCC. In conclusion, genotype determination in CHB infection is important in estimating disease progression and planning optimal antiviral treatment.
Bibliografia:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
ObjectType-Review-3
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ISSN:2219-2840
2219-2840
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v20.i18.5427