NLRP3 inflammasome priming: A riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma

The NLRP3 (NOD‐, LRR‐, and pyrin domain‐containing protein 3) inflammasome is an immunological sensor that detects a wide range of microbial‐ and host‐derived signals. Inflammasome activation results in the release of the potent pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β and IL‐18 and triggers a form of infla...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of leukocyte biology Vol. 108; no. 3; pp. 937 - 952
Main Authors: McKee, Chloe M., Coll, Rebecca C.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Oxford University Press 01.09.2020
Subjects:
Animals
CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins - immunology
CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins - metabolism
Caspase Activation and Recruitment Domain
Cell death
Gene Expression Regulation - immunology
Host-Pathogen Interactions - immunology
Humans
IL‐1
Immunity, Innate
Immunology
inflammasome
Inflammasomes
Inflammasomes - immunology
Inflammation - immunology
Inflammation - therapy
Inflammatory diseases
Mice
Microorganisms
Molecular Targeted Therapy
NIMA-Related Kinases - immunology
NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein - immunology
NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein - metabolism
NLRP3
Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules - immunology
Pathogenesis
Phosphorylation
Priming
Protein Interaction Mapping
Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Proteins
Pyrin Domain
Pyrin protein
Pyroptosis
Pyroptosis - immunology
therapeutics
Transcription, Genetic
Ubiquitination
NLRP3
therapeutics
IL-1
inflammasome
ISSN:0741-5400, 1938-3673, 1938-3673
Online Access:Get full text
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Description
Summary:The NLRP3 (NOD‐, LRR‐, and pyrin domain‐containing protein 3) inflammasome is an immunological sensor that detects a wide range of microbial‐ and host‐derived signals. Inflammasome activation results in the release of the potent pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β and IL‐18 and triggers a form of inflammatory cell death known as pyroptosis. Excessive NLRP3 activity is associated with the pathogenesis of a wide range of inflammatory diseases, thus NLRP3 activation mechanisms are an area of intensive research. NLRP3 inflammasome activation is a tightly regulated process that requires both priming and activation signals. In particular, recent research has highlighted the highly complex nature of the priming step, which involves transcriptional and posttranslational mechanisms, and numerous protein binding partners. This review will describe the current understanding of NLRP3 priming and will discuss the potential opportunities for targeting this process therapeutically to treat NLRP3‐associated diseases. Describes the complex NLRP3 priming process and how it might be targeted to treat NLRP3‐associated diseases.
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ISSN:0741-5400
1938-3673
1938-3673
DOI:10.1002/JLB.3MR0720-513R