Marine Oil from C. finmarchicus Enhances Glucose Homeostasis and Liver Insulin Resistance in Obese Prediabetic Individuals

The intermediate state between normal glucose tolerance and overt type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with micro- and macrovascular diseases, requiring safe and cost-effective treatment measures interventions. A novel source of LC n-3 FAs is Calanus finmarchicus Oil, which showed promising effect...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients Vol. 14; no. 2; p. 396
Main Authors: Burhop, Milena, Schuchardt, Jan Philipp, Nebl, Josefine, Müller, Mattea, Lichtinghagen, Ralf, Hahn, Andreas
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 17.01.2022
MDPI
Subjects:
Aged
Animals
blood glucose
Blood Glucose - metabolism
body composition
Body Mass Index
Calanus finmarchicus
Chronic illnesses
Copepoda - chemistry
cost effectiveness
Dietary Fats, Unsaturated - therapeutic use
Double-Blind Method
Energy intake
Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - blood
Female
glucose
glucose tolerance
Homeostasis
Humans
Hyperglycemia
insulin
Insulin Resistance
Kinases
liver
Liver - drug effects
Liver - metabolism
Male
Middle Aged
muscles
noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Obesity
Obesity - drug therapy
Obesity - metabolism
oils
Placebos
Prediabetic State - drug therapy
Prediabetic State - metabolism
Germany
marine oil
inflammation
glucose metabolism
insulin resistance
prediabetes
intermediate hyperglycaemia
ISSN:2072-6643, 2072-6643
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The intermediate state between normal glucose tolerance and overt type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with micro- and macrovascular diseases, requiring safe and cost-effective treatment measures interventions. A novel source of LC n-3 FAs is Calanus finmarchicus Oil, which showed promising effects on glucose homeostasis in preclinical studies due to anti-obesity effects and/or anti-inflammatory properties. In total, 43 obese patients (BMI: 31.7 ± 5.2 kg/m2) were allocated in the following two groups: (1) Calanus oil group (2 g CO/day) and (2) placebo group (2 g paraffin oil/day). Markers of glucose metabolism, body composition and energy intake were measured at the beginning (t0), after 12 weeks (t12) and 16 weeks (t16). Overall, parameters reflecting abnormal glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance in the liver, including fasting insulin (−2.9 mU/L ± 4.10, p < 0.05), HOMA-IR (−0.9 ± 1.28, p < 0.05) and hepatic insulin resistance index (−1.06 ± 1.72 × 106, p < 0.05) significantly enhanced after a 12-week CO-intervention, while no differences were observed in HbA1c, AUC0–2h Glucose, AUC0–2h Insulin, 2 h plasma glucose and muscle insulin sensitivity index. Our results indicate that Calanus oil causes beneficial effects on glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in obese patients, with clinical relevance to be verified in further studies. In addition, the possible active compounds and their mechanisms of action should be elucidated.
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ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu14020396