Effects of oral glucose tolerance test on microvascular and autonomic nervous system regulation in young healthy individuals

Acute elevations in blood glucose can influence microvascular function and autonomic nervous system (ANS) reactivity, both implicated in cardiometabolic risk. We assessed the effects of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on microvascular and ANS physiological responses in healthy young individuals....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports Vol. 15; no. 1; pp. 32858 - 12
Main Authors: Kralj, Lana, Battelino, Tadej, Lenasi, Helena
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 25.09.2025
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects:
631/114/1314
631/443
631/443/1338
631/443/1338/1872
631/443/592
639/766/930/12
Acetylcholine
Acute hyperglycemia
Adult
Autonomic nervous system
Autonomic Nervous System - drug effects
Autonomic Nervous System - physiology
Blood flow
Blood Glucose
Blood pressure
Bottled water
Doppler effect
EKG
Electrocardiography
Endothelial function
Endothelium
Female
Fourier transforms
Glucose monitoring
Glucose tolerance
Glucose Tolerance Test
Health risks
Healthy Volunteers
Heart rate
Heart Rate - drug effects
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Humidity
Hyperemia
Hyperglycemia
Iontophoresis
Kinases
Laboratories
Laser-Doppler Flowmetry
Lasers
Male
Microcirculation
Microcirculation - drug effects
Microcirculation - physiology
Microvasculature
Microvessels - drug effects
Microvessels - physiology
multidisciplinary
Nervous system
Nitric oxide
Oral glucose loading
Oral glucose tolerance test
Physiological responses
Physiology
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Skin
Skin - blood supply
Smooth muscle
Sodium nitroprusside
Variance analysis
Vasodilation
Vasodilation - drug effects
Wavelet analysis
Young Adult
St Louis Missouri
United States > US
Sweden
Oral glucose loading
Oral glucose tolerance test
Microcirculation
Acute hyperglycemia
Nitric oxide
Wavelet analysis
Endothelial function
Heart rate variability
ISSN:2045-2322, 2045-2322
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Acute elevations in blood glucose can influence microvascular function and autonomic nervous system (ANS) reactivity, both implicated in cardiometabolic risk. We assessed the effects of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on microvascular and ANS physiological responses in healthy young individuals. Using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), we measured basal skin microcirculatory blood flow and responses to post-occlusive reactive hyperemia, iontophoresis of acetylcholine (ACh), and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in 28 participants before and 45 and 120 min after OGTT or water loading. LDF spectral components were analyzed using wavelet analysis (WA). ANS reactivity was evaluated from electrocardiogram recordings by analyzing heart rate variability (HRV). OGTT caused time-dependent changes in microvascular and HRV parameters. Endothelial nitric oxide-independent vasodilation transiently decreased during SNP response ( p  = 0.014), while myogenic component transiently increased ( p  = 0.029; two-way repeated measures ANOVA), with no significant change in the endothelial nitric oxide-dependent component. HRV measures RMSSD ( p  = 0.009) and SDNN ( p  = 0.008) decreased. Oral glucose loading affects microcirculation in healthy individuals, likely through modulation of endothelial nitric oxide-independent signaling, vascular smooth muscle responsiveness, and ANS reactivity. WA may offer a sensitive method for detecting microvascular dysfunction associated with physiological changes following oral glucose loading.
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ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-18209-1