High-resolution subject-specific mitral valve imaging and modeling: experimental and computational methods

The diversity of mitral valve (MV) geometries and multitude of surgical options for correction of MV diseases necessitates the use of computational modeling. Numerical simulations of the MV would allow surgeons and engineers to evaluate repairs, devices, procedures, and concepts before performing th...

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Published in:Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology Vol. 15; no. 6; pp. 1619 - 1630
Main Authors: Toma, Milan, Bloodworth, Charles H., Einstein, Daniel R., Pierce, Eric L., Cochran, Richard P., Yoganathan, Ajit P., Kunzelman, Karyn S.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.12.2016
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and Medical Physics
Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Biophysics
Closures
Computation
Computed tomography
Computer Simulation
Diastole
Diseases
Engineering
Imaging
Imaging, Three-Dimensional
Mathematical models
Mitral Valve - anatomy & histology
Mitral Valve - physiology
Models, Cardiovascular
Sheep
Simulation
Stress, Mechanical
Surgery
Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Valves
X-Ray Microtomography
Fluid–structure interaction
Mitral valve
Fixation
Glutaraldehyde
Comprehensive computational model
Chordae tendineae
Chordal structure
Smooth particle hydrodynamics
ISSN:1617-7959, 1617-7940, 1617-7940
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The diversity of mitral valve (MV) geometries and multitude of surgical options for correction of MV diseases necessitates the use of computational modeling. Numerical simulations of the MV would allow surgeons and engineers to evaluate repairs, devices, procedures, and concepts before performing them and before moving on to more costly testing modalities. Constructing, tuning, and validating these models rely upon extensive in vitro characterization of valve structure, function, and response to change due to diseases. Micro-computed tomography ( μ CT) allows for unmatched spatial resolution for soft tissue imaging. However, it is still technically challenging to obtain an accurate geometry of the diastolic MV. We discuss here the development of a novel technique for treating MV specimens with glutaraldehyde fixative in order to minimize geometric distortions in preparation for μ CT scanning. The technique provides a resulting MV geometry which is significantly more detailed in chordal structure, accurate in leaflet shape, and closer to its physiological diastolic geometry. In this paper, computational fluid–structure interaction (FSI) simulations are used to show the importance of more detailed subject-specific MV geometry with 3D chordal structure to simulate a proper closure validated against μ CT images of the closed valve. Two computational models, before and after use of the aforementioned technique, are used to simulate closure of the MV.
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ISSN:1617-7959
1617-7940
1617-7940
DOI:10.1007/s10237-016-0786-1