Optimized Temporal Interference Stimulation Based on Convex Optimization: A Computational Study

Temporal interference (TI) stimulation is a non-invasive method targeting deep brain regions by applying two pairs of high-frequency currents with a slight frequency difference to the scalp. However, optimizing electrode configurations for TI via computational modeling is challenging and time-consum...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering Vol. 33; pp. 1400 - 1410
Main Authors: Geng, Chao, Li, Yang, Li, Long, Zhu, Xiaoqi, Hou, Xiaohan, Liu, Tian
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States IEEE 01.01.2025
Subjects:
Adult
Algorithms
Brain - physiology
Computer Simulation
Deep Brain Stimulation - methods
Electric fields
Electrodes
Electrodes, Implanted
Electroencephalography
Female
Finite element analysis
finite element method
Head
Humans
Image segmentation
Interference
Magnetic resonance imaging
Male
Mathematical models
noninvasive brain stimulation
Optimization
Scalp
Temporal interference (TI) stimulation
ISSN:1534-4320, 1558-0210, 1558-0210
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Temporal interference (TI) stimulation is a non-invasive method targeting deep brain regions by applying two pairs of high-frequency currents with a slight frequency difference to the scalp. However, optimizing electrode configurations for TI via computational modeling is challenging and time-consuming due to the non-convex nature of the optimization. We propose a convex optimization-based method (CVXTI) for optimizing TI electrode configurations. We decompose the TI optimization into two convex steps, enabling rapid determination of electrode pair configurations. CVXTI accommodates various optimization objectives by incorporating different objective functions, thereby enhancing the focality of the stimulation field. Performance analysis of CVXTI shows superior results compared to other methods, particularly in deep brain regions. Subject variability analysis on four individuals highlights the necessity of customized stimulus optimization. CVXTI leverages the distribution characteristics of the TI envelope electric field to optimize electrode configurations, enhancing the optimization efficiency.
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ISSN:1534-4320
1558-0210
1558-0210
DOI:10.1109/TNSRE.2025.3558306