Clinical periodontal status and gingival crevicular fluid cytokine profile among cigarette-smokers, electronic-cigarette users and never-smokers

•Periodontal status and GCF cytokines among cigarette-smokers, e-cigarette users and never-smokers were compared.•46 cigarette-smokers, 44 e-cigarette users and 45 never-smokers were included.•Periodontal status is poorer in cigarette-smokers compared with other groups.•GCF cytokines are higher in c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Archives of oral biology Vol. 102; pp. 212 - 217
Main Authors:	BinShabaib, Munerah, ALHarthi, Shatha Subhi, Akram, Zohaib, Khan, Junad, Rahman, Irfan, Romanos, Georgios E., Javed, Fawad
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2019
Subjects:	Cytokines Dental Plaque Index Electronic cigarettes Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Gingival Crevicular Fluid Humans Periodontal index Periodontal pocket Smokers Smoking Tooth loss Dental plaque index Tooth loss Electronic cigarettes Periodontal index Periodontal pocket Smoking
ISSN:	0003-9969, 1879-1506, 1879-1506
Online Access:	Get full text
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