Cationization of polysaccharides: A path to greener derivatives with many industrial applications

•Cationic polysaccharides are very useful in a wide range of applications.•This review offers a systematic and up-to-date analysis of the literature.•Modification with dialkylamino hydroxypropyl ethers is covered in detail.•Substitution with other groups is also covered.•Relevant applications of the...

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Vydané v:European polymer journal Ročník 52; s. 53 - 75
Hlavní autori: Prado, Héctor J., Matulewicz, María C.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.03.2014
Elsevier
Predmet:
2,3-Epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride
3-Chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride
Applied sciences
Cationic polysaccharides
Cellulose
Cellulose and derivatives
Chitosan
Exact sciences and technology
Natural polymers
Physicochemistry of polymers
Starch
Starch and polysaccharides
2,3-Epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride
Cationic polysaccharides
Chitosan
Starch
3-Chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride
Cellulose
Hemicellulose
Dextran derivatives
Pectin
Review
Dextran
Polyelectrolyte
Chemical modification
Chitosan derivatives
Preparation
Cellulose derivatives
Oside polymer
Starch derivative
ISSN:0014-3057, 1873-1945
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Popis
Shrnutí:•Cationic polysaccharides are very useful in a wide range of applications.•This review offers a systematic and up-to-date analysis of the literature.•Modification with dialkylamino hydroxypropyl ethers is covered in detail.•Substitution with other groups is also covered.•Relevant applications of the different products is considered. Cationic polysaccharides are widely used in diverse areas such as water treatment, papermaking, chemical, food, cosmetic, and petroleum industries. The combination of cationic polysaccharides with anionic polymers can lead to interpolyelectrolyte complexes with hydrogel-like structures further expanding the application of the former. The aim of the present review is to fill a gap on the literature about cationization reactions of different polysaccharides and to offer a systematic and up-to-date analysis on the subject. Polysaccharides such as starch, dextran, cellulose and its derivatives, hemicellulose, pectin, chitosan, and seaweed polysaccharides among others are considered. Cationized polysaccharides can be prepared by reaction with various reagents. The main focus is on the substitution with dialkylamino hydroxypropyl and trialkylammonium hydroxypropyl ethers, being that the most common modifications involve the introduction of the 2-hydroxy-3-(trimethylammonium)propyl group by reaction of the polysaccharide with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride in an alkaline solution. An alternative to this method involves generation of the reagent in situ from 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride. In addition, polysaccharides substituted with other type of cationic groups and amphoteric derivatives are presented. Different methods of analysis, toxicological studies and applications of the modified polymers are also included.
ISSN:0014-3057
1873-1945
DOI:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.12.011