Integrating AI for infectious disease prediction: A hybrid ANN-XGBoost model for leishmaniasis in Pakistan

•A hybrid ANN-XGBoost model was developed to predict leishmaniasis incidence in four high-endemic districts of KP, Pakistan.•The model outperformed traditional methods (ARIMA, LSTM, ANN, XGBoost) with superior accuracy (MAE: 82.2, RMSE: 111.6, MAPE: 10.6).•Forecastig predicts an average of 1017 new...

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