Microcircuits for spatial coding in the medial entorhinal cortex

The hippocampal formation is critically involved in learning and memory and contains a large proportion of neurons encoding aspects of the organism's spatial surroundings. In the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), this includes grid cells with their distinctive hexagonal firing fields as well as a...

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Veröffentlicht in:Physiological reviews Jg. 102; H. 2; S. 653
Hauptverfasser: Tukker, John J, Beed, Prateep, Brecht, Michael, Kempter, Richard, Moser, Edvard I, Schmitz, Dietmar
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: United States 01.04.2022
Schlagworte:
Action Potentials - physiology
Animals
Entorhinal Cortex - blood supply
Entorhinal Cortex - physiology
Hippocampus - blood supply
Humans
Learning - physiology
Neurons - physiology
Pyramidal Cells - physiology
entorhinal cortex
grid cells
navigation
microcircuits
connectivity
ISSN:1522-1210, 1522-1210
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Zusammenfassung:The hippocampal formation is critically involved in learning and memory and contains a large proportion of neurons encoding aspects of the organism's spatial surroundings. In the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), this includes grid cells with their distinctive hexagonal firing fields as well as a host of other functionally defined cell types including head direction cells, speed cells, border cells, and object-vector cells. Such spatial coding emerges from the processing of external inputs by local microcircuits. However, it remains unclear exactly how local microcircuits and their dynamics within the MEC contribute to spatial discharge patterns. In this review we focus on recent investigations of intrinsic MEC connectivity, which have started to describe and quantify both excitatory and inhibitory wiring in the superficial layers of the MEC. Although the picture is far from complete, it appears that these layers contain robust recurrent connectivity that could sustain the attractor dynamics posited to underlie grid pattern formation. These findings pave the way to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying spatial navigation and memory.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
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ISSN:1522-1210
1522-1210
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00042.2020