A Behavior-Based Intervention That Prevents Sexual Assault: the Results of a Matched-Pairs, Cluster-Randomized Study in Nairobi, Kenya

Design The study’s design was a cluster-randomized, matched-pairs, parallel trial of a behavior-based sexual assault prevention intervention in the informal settlements. Methods The participants were primary school girls aged 10–16. Classroom-based interventions for girls and boys were delivered by...

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Vydáno v:	Prevention science Ročník 18; číslo 7; s. 818 - 827
Hlavní autoři:	Baiocchi, Michael, Omondi, Benjamin, Langat, Nickson, Boothroyd, Derek B., Sinclair, Jake, Pavia, Lee, Mulinge, Munyae, Githua, Oscar, Golden, Neville H., Sarnquist, Clea
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	New York Springer US 01.10.2017 Springer Nature B.V
Témata:	Adolescent Adolescent Behavior Adolescent boys Adolescent girls Adolescents Assaults Boys Child Child and School Psychology Children Children & youth Childrens Attitudes Classrooms Cluster Analysis Communication Skills Control Groups Curricula Disclosure Efficacy Elementary Education Elementary School Students Elementary Schools Empowerment Female Females Focus Groups Gender relations Gender roles Gender-based violence Girls Health care policy Health Psychology Humans Hygiene Intervention Kenya Literature Reviews Male Males Measurement Techniques Medicine Medicine & Public Health Perpetrators Population growth Prevention Prevention programs Public Health Risk School Administration School based intervention School Health Services - organization & administration Schools Secondary School Students Self defense Self Efficacy Sex crimes Sex Offenses Sexual Abuse Skills Trainers Training Trust Victims Violence School-based Adolescent Rape/prevention and control Rape/statistics and numerical data Gender-based violence Prospective study Randomized controlled trial Sub-Saharan Africa
ISSN:	1389-4986, 1573-6695, 1573-6695
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Shrnutí:	Design The study’s design was a cluster-randomized, matched-pairs, parallel trial of a behavior-based sexual assault prevention intervention in the informal settlements. Methods The participants were primary school girls aged 10–16. Classroom-based interventions for girls and boys were delivered by instructors from the same settlements, at the same time, over six 2-h sessions. The girls’ program had components of empowerment, gender relations, and self-defense. The boys’ program promotes healthy gender norms. The control arm of the study received a health and hygiene curriculum. The primary outcome was the rate of sexual assault in the prior 12 months at the cluster level (school level). Secondary outcomes included the generalized self-efficacy scale, the distribution of number of times victims were sexually assaulted in the prior period, skills used, disclosure rates, and distribution of perpetrators. Difference-in-differences estimates are reported with bootstrapped confidence intervals. Results Fourteen schools with 3147 girls from the intervention group and 14 schools with 2539 girls from the control group were included in the analysis. We estimate a 3.7 % decrease, p = 0.03 and 95 % CI = (0.4, 8.0), in risk of sexual assault in the intervention group due to the intervention (initially 7.3 % at baseline). We estimate an increase in mean generalized self-efficacy score of 0.19 (baseline average 3.1, on a 1–4 scale), p = 0.0004 and 95 % CI = (0.08, 0.39). Interpretation This innovative intervention that combined parallel training for young adolescent girls and boys in school settings showed significant reduction in the rate of sexual assault among girls in this population.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Feature-3 ObjectType-Evidence Based Healthcare-1 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-3 co-senior authors
ISSN:	1389-4986 1573-6695 1573-6695
DOI:	10.1007/s11121-016-0701-0