Effect of periodontal treatment on preclinical Alzheimer's disease—Results of a trial emulation approach

Introduction We investigated the relationship between periodontal treatment and pre‐clinical Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods In this quasi‐experimental design, 177 periodontally treated patients from the “Greifswald Approach to Individualized Medicine” cohort, which used the same protocols as...

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Published in:Alzheimer's & dementia Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 127 - 141
Main Authors: Schwahn, Christian, Frenzel, Stefan, Holtfreter, Birte, Van der Auwera, Sandra, Pink, Christiane, Bülow, Robin, Friedrich, Nele, Völzke, Henry, Biffar, Reiner, Kocher, Thomas, Grabe, Hans Jörgen
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 01.01.2022
Subjects:
Adult
aging
Aging - pathology
Alzheimer Disease - pathology
Alzheimer's disease
Atrophy - pathology
Brain - pathology
Cohort Studies
epidemiology
Female
Germany - epidemiology
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Middle Aged
periodontal diseases
Periodontal Diseases - epidemiology
Prodromal Symptoms
Risk Factors
Germany
epidemiology
magnetic resonance imaging
aging
periodontal diseases
Alzheimer's disease
ISSN:1552-5260, 1552-5279, 1552-5279
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Introduction We investigated the relationship between periodontal treatment and pre‐clinical Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods In this quasi‐experimental design, 177 periodontally treated patients from the “Greifswald Approach to Individualized Medicine” cohort, which used the same protocols as the population‐based Study of Health in Pomerania TREND (SHIP‐TREND), and 409 untreated subjects from SHIP‐TREND were analyzed. Subjects were younger than 60 years at the magnetic resonance imaging examination, with a median observation period of 7.3 years. Imaging markers for brain atrophy in late‐onset AD and brain aging were used as the outcomes. Results Robust to sensitivity analyses, periodontal treatment had a favorable effect on AD‐related brain atrophy (–0.41; 95% confidence interval: –0.70 to –0.12; P = .0051), which corresponds to a shift from the 50th to the 37th percentile of the outcome distribution. For brain aging, the treatment effect was uncertain. Conclusion Periodontitis is related to pre‐clinical AD in our population.
Bibliography:Data used in preparation of this article were obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database (adni.loni.usc.edu). As such, the investigators within the ADNI contributed to the design and implementation of ADNI and/or provided data but did not participate in analysis or writing of this report. A complete listing of ADNI investigators can be found at
Thomas Kocher and Hans Jörgen Grabe contributed equally to this work.
http://adni.loni.usc.edu/wp‐content/uploads/how_to_apply/ADNI_Acknowledgement_List.pdf
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ISSN:1552-5260
1552-5279
1552-5279
DOI:10.1002/alz.12378