Aggregative effect on rice production due to climate change using index number under indeterminate environment: a case study from Punjab, Pakistan
The existing Laspeyres index, Paasche’s index, and Fisher’s index under classical statistics cannot be applied when observations are indeterminate, imprecise, and uncertain. In this paper, the Laspeyres index, Paasche’s index, and Fisher’s index are introduced to deal with the data having neutrosoph...
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| Published in: | Theoretical and applied climatology Vol. 147; no. 1-2; pp. 283 - 290 |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Vienna
Springer Vienna
01.01.2022
Springer Springer Nature B.V |
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| ISSN: | 0177-798X, 1434-4483 |
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| Abstract | The existing Laspeyres index, Paasche’s index, and Fisher’s index under classical statistics cannot be applied when observations are indeterminate, imprecise, and uncertain. In this paper, the Laspeyres index, Paasche’s index, and Fisher’s index are introduced to deal with the data having neutrosophy. We present these indexes when indeterminacy is present in the data. To see the aggregate change in the production of rice crops due to climate change under an uncertain environment, data is collected from nine districts of Punjab, Pakistan. From the data and comparative studies, it is concluded that the proposed indexes are more informative, flexible, and suitable to be applied under indeterminate conditions. |
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| AbstractList | The existing Laspeyres index, Paasche’s index, and Fisher’s index under classical statistics cannot be applied when observations are indeterminate, imprecise, and uncertain. In this paper, the Laspeyres index, Paasche’s index, and Fisher’s index are introduced to deal with the data having neutrosophy. We present these indexes when indeterminacy is present in the data. To see the aggregate change in the production of rice crops due to climate change under an uncertain environment, data is collected from nine districts of Punjab, Pakistan. From the data and comparative studies, it is concluded that the proposed indexes are more informative, flexible, and suitable to be applied under indeterminate conditions. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Aslam, Muhammad |
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| Copyright | The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2021 COPYRIGHT 2022 Springer The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2021. |
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| DOI | 10.1007/s00704-021-03832-5 |
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| Snippet | The existing Laspeyres index, Paasche’s index, and Fisher’s index under classical statistics cannot be applied when observations are indeterminate, imprecise,... The existing Laspeyres index, Paasche's index, and Fisher's index under classical statistics cannot be applied when observations are indeterminate, imprecise,... |
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| SubjectTerms | Aquatic Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Atmospheric Sciences Case studies Cereal crops Climate change Climate science Climatic indexes Climatology Comparative analysis Comparative studies Crop production Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Environmental aspects Global temperature changes Original Paper Pakistan Rice Statistical methods statistics Waste Water Technology Water Management Water Pollution Control |
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| Title | Aggregative effect on rice production due to climate change using index number under indeterminate environment: a case study from Punjab, Pakistan |
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