Ex Vivo production of platelets from stem cells

Summary Stem cell technology holds great promise for transfusion medicine, and generation of platelets from stem cells would be transformative. Platelet transfusions are life saving for millions of people and the clinical demand for platelets continues to increase: there is a real need to increase t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of haematology Vol. 165; no. 2; pp. 237 - 247
Main Authors: Avanzi, Mauro P., Mitchell, William Beau
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England 01.04.2014
Subjects:
Animals
Antigens, CD34 - metabolism
Blood Platelets - cytology
Blood Platelets - metabolism
Cell Culture Techniques
Embryonic Stem Cells - cytology
Embryonic Stem Cells - metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation
Hematopoietic Stem Cells - cytology
Hematopoietic Stem Cells - metabolism
Humans
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells - cytology
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells - metabolism
megakaryocyte
Megakaryocytes - cytology
Megakaryocytes - metabolism
megakaryocytopoiesis
Platelet
stem cells
Stem Cells - cytology
Stem Cells - metabolism
Thrombopoiesis - physiology
transfusion medicine
megakaryocyte
stem cells
transfusion medicine
Platelet
megakaryocytopoiesis
ISSN:0007-1048, 1365-2141, 1365-2141
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Summary Stem cell technology holds great promise for transfusion medicine, and generation of platelets from stem cells would be transformative. Platelet transfusions are life saving for millions of people and the clinical demand for platelets continues to increase: there is a real need to increase the supply of platelets. Accordingly, there is great interest in the potential of producing platelets from stem cells for clinical use. There has been initial success in ex vivo generation of platelets from stem cells using cord blood stem cells, embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. However, the platelet yields achieved by these strategies have not been sufficient for clinical purposes. This review provides updated information about the current strategies of ex vivo generation of platelets. Megakaryocytopoiesis and platelet generation, along with the importance of genetic determinants of these processes, are reviewed in the context of efforts to generate these products from stem cells. Current challenges and rate‐limiting steps in ex vivo platelet generation are discussed, together with strategies to overcome them. While much work remains, great progress has been made, moving ex vivo generation of platelets ever closer to the clinic.
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ISSN:0007-1048
1365-2141
1365-2141
DOI:10.1111/bjh.12764