The genome of Gallaecimonas pentaromativorans strain 10A, isolated from a Pacific oyster, sheds light on an environmentally widespread genus with remarkable metabolic potential

Bacteria in the genus Gallaecimonas are known for their ability to breakdown complex hydrocarbons, making them of particular ecological and biotechnological significance. However, few species have been isolated to date, and their ecological distribution has yet to be examined. Here, we report a nove...

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Vydáno v:PloS one Ročník 20; číslo 10; s. e0334406
Hlavní autoři: Gouin, Yasmine, Wilcockson, Adam, Chan, Amy M., Suttle, Curtis A., Zhong, Kevin Xu
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: United States Public Library of Science 01.10.2025
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Témata:
Animals
Annotations
Aromatic compounds
Bacteria
Biosurfactants
Biotechnology
Breakdown
Chemical analysis
Crassostrea gigas
CRISPR
Ecological distribution
Gallaecimonas
Genes
Genome, Bacterial
Genomes
Glycerol
Mortality
Ostreidae - microbiology
Oysters
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Plasmids
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Protein families
Proteins
Seawater
Sediments
Visualization
Water analysis
Canada
ISSN:1932-6203, 1932-6203
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Popis
Shrnutí:Bacteria in the genus Gallaecimonas are known for their ability to breakdown complex hydrocarbons, making them of particular ecological and biotechnological significance. However, few species have been isolated to date, and their ecological distribution has yet to be examined. Here, we report a novel strain of G. pentaromativorans , designated as strain 10A, which was isolated from a Pacific oyster ( Magallana gigas , a.k.a. Crassostrea gigas ) collected from a farm experiencing a mass mortality event in British Columbia (BC), Canada. Gallaecimonas pentaromativorans strain 10A is a rod-shaped, motile bacterium and has a circular genome of 4,322,156 bp encoding 3,928 protein-coding sequences (CDS). Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain 10A is closely related to members of G. pentaromativorans. Like other Gallaecimonas members, strain 10A is predicted to harbor specific pathways involved in degrading xenobiotic compounds including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), producing biosurfactants, and assimilating nitrate and sulfate; however, it is uniquely equipped with an additional 166 genes belonging to 147 protein families, including a putative higB - higA that likely contributes to enhanced stress response. Strain 10A also possesses Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) system (CRISPR-Cas), prevalent in Gallaecimonas (detected in three out of four species), implying a potential defense mechanism against exogenous mobile genetic elements such as plasmids and viruses. We also mined publicly available databases to establish the widespread distribution of bacteria in the genus Gallaecimonas in seawater, sediments, and freshwater across latitude, suggesting its versatility and importance to environmental processes. Ultimately, this study demonstrates that the genome of G. pentaromativorans strain 10A, isolated from a Pacific oyster, may encode a suite of putative functions, including xenobiotic breakdown, biosurfactant production, and CRISPR-Cas defense. This plasticity and breadth in metabolic function help to explain the cosmopolitan distribution of members of this genus.
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ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0334406