Most Common Causes of Death Among Travelers on Aircraft and Maritime Vessels and During Land-Border Crossings Reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2008-2022
Historically, the most frequent cause of death reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) among travelers on conveyances has been cardiovascular disease, mirroring all-cause mortality in the US population. Infectious disease transmission, particularly during large-scale outbrea...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Public health reports (1974) Jg. 140; H. 5-6; S. 531 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
United States
01.11.2025
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| ISSN: | 1468-2877, 1468-2877 |
| Online-Zugang: | Weitere Angaben |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| Abstract | Historically, the most frequent cause of death reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) among travelers on conveyances has been cardiovascular disease, mirroring all-cause mortality in the US population. Infectious disease transmission, particularly during large-scale outbreaks, also poses a risk to travelers. To determine leading causes of death on conveyances and whether they were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, we describe causes of death on conveyances reported to CDC from 2008 through 2022.
We queried CDC's Port Health Activity Reporting System for traveler deaths on, or immediately after disembarking from, an aircraft or maritime vessel or during land-border crossings reported to CDC from July 1, 2008, through December 31, 2022. We examined data on cause of death, age, travel mode, and traveler type (passenger vs crew). We also calculated crude annual mortality rates for each conveyance type. To assess factors associated with deaths due to infectious diseases (vs deaths due to noninfectious conditions), we performed logistic regression.
During the analysis period, 2910 deaths on conveyances were reported. Across all conveyances, the most common causes were cardiovascular- or pulmonary-related conditions (2116 of 2910; 73%) for each year except 2020, when COVID-19 was the most common. Crew (vs passengers) had significant associations with death due to infectious causes (vs noninfectious causes; adjusted odds ratio = 2.12; 95% CI, 1.32-3.40).
Travelers with cardiovascular- or pulmonary-related conditions should consult their health care providers prior to international travel. All travelers should check travel recommendations such as those currently available on CDC travel pages. Public health authorities should consider population-based mitigation measures aimed at transmission risk reduction to limit morbidity and mortality during infectious disease outbreaks. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Historically, the most frequent cause of death reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) among travelers on conveyances has been cardiovascular disease, mirroring all-cause mortality in the US population. Infectious disease transmission, particularly during large-scale outbreaks, also poses a risk to travelers. To determine leading causes of death on conveyances and whether they were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, we describe causes of death on conveyances reported to CDC from 2008 through 2022.
We queried CDC's Port Health Activity Reporting System for traveler deaths on, or immediately after disembarking from, an aircraft or maritime vessel or during land-border crossings reported to CDC from July 1, 2008, through December 31, 2022. We examined data on cause of death, age, travel mode, and traveler type (passenger vs crew). We also calculated crude annual mortality rates for each conveyance type. To assess factors associated with deaths due to infectious diseases (vs deaths due to noninfectious conditions), we performed logistic regression.
During the analysis period, 2910 deaths on conveyances were reported. Across all conveyances, the most common causes were cardiovascular- or pulmonary-related conditions (2116 of 2910; 73%) for each year except 2020, when COVID-19 was the most common. Crew (vs passengers) had significant associations with death due to infectious causes (vs noninfectious causes; adjusted odds ratio = 2.12; 95% CI, 1.32-3.40).
Travelers with cardiovascular- or pulmonary-related conditions should consult their health care providers prior to international travel. All travelers should check travel recommendations such as those currently available on CDC travel pages. Public health authorities should consider population-based mitigation measures aimed at transmission risk reduction to limit morbidity and mortality during infectious disease outbreaks. Historically, the most frequent cause of death reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) among travelers on conveyances has been cardiovascular disease, mirroring all-cause mortality in the US population. Infectious disease transmission, particularly during large-scale outbreaks, also poses a risk to travelers. To determine leading causes of death on conveyances and whether they were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, we describe causes of death on conveyances reported to CDC from 2008 through 2022.OBJECTIVESHistorically, the most frequent cause of death reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) among travelers on conveyances has been cardiovascular disease, mirroring all-cause mortality in the US population. Infectious disease transmission, particularly during large-scale outbreaks, also poses a risk to travelers. To determine leading causes of death on conveyances and whether they were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, we describe causes of death on conveyances reported to CDC from 2008 through 2022.We queried CDC's Port Health Activity Reporting System for traveler deaths on, or immediately after disembarking from, an aircraft or maritime vessel or during land-border crossings reported to CDC from July 1, 2008, through December 31, 2022. We examined data on cause of death, age, travel mode, and traveler type (passenger vs crew). We also calculated crude annual mortality rates for each conveyance type. To assess factors associated with deaths due to infectious diseases (vs deaths due to noninfectious conditions), we performed logistic regression.METHODSWe queried CDC's Port Health Activity Reporting System for traveler deaths on, or immediately after disembarking from, an aircraft or maritime vessel or during land-border crossings reported to CDC from July 1, 2008, through December 31, 2022. We examined data on cause of death, age, travel mode, and traveler type (passenger vs crew). We also calculated crude annual mortality rates for each conveyance type. To assess factors associated with deaths due to infectious diseases (vs deaths due to noninfectious conditions), we performed logistic regression.During the analysis period, 2910 deaths on conveyances were reported. Across all conveyances, the most common causes were cardiovascular- or pulmonary-related conditions (2116 of 2910; 73%) for each year except 2020, when COVID-19 was the most common. Crew (vs passengers) had significant associations with death due to infectious causes (vs noninfectious causes; adjusted odds ratio = 2.12; 95% CI, 1.32-3.40).RESULTSDuring the analysis period, 2910 deaths on conveyances were reported. Across all conveyances, the most common causes were cardiovascular- or pulmonary-related conditions (2116 of 2910; 73%) for each year except 2020, when COVID-19 was the most common. Crew (vs passengers) had significant associations with death due to infectious causes (vs noninfectious causes; adjusted odds ratio = 2.12; 95% CI, 1.32-3.40).Travelers with cardiovascular- or pulmonary-related conditions should consult their health care providers prior to international travel. All travelers should check travel recommendations such as those currently available on CDC travel pages. Public health authorities should consider population-based mitigation measures aimed at transmission risk reduction to limit morbidity and mortality during infectious disease outbreaks.CONCLUSIONSTravelers with cardiovascular- or pulmonary-related conditions should consult their health care providers prior to international travel. All travelers should check travel recommendations such as those currently available on CDC travel pages. Public health authorities should consider population-based mitigation measures aimed at transmission risk reduction to limit morbidity and mortality during infectious disease outbreaks. |
| Author | Alvarado-Ramy, Francisco Mase, Sundari Preston, Leigh Ellyn Gertz, Alida M King, Justice Ortiz, Nancy Fonseca-Ford, Maureen Brown, Clive Rothney, Erin E Gearhart, Shannon L Sunavala, Zenia K Christensen, Deborah L Pourakis, George A Swisher, Samantha D Hausman, Leslie |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Leigh Ellyn surname: Preston fullname: Preston, Leigh Ellyn organization: Division of Global Migration Health, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Justice surname: King fullname: King, Justice organization: Division of Global Migration Health, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Nancy orcidid: 0000-0002-4895-0895 surname: Ortiz fullname: Ortiz, Nancy organization: Division of Global Migration Health, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Francisco surname: Alvarado-Ramy fullname: Alvarado-Ramy, Francisco organization: Division of Global Migration Health, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Clive surname: Brown fullname: Brown, Clive organization: Division of Global Migration Health, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Sundari surname: Mase fullname: Mase, Sundari organization: Division of Global Migration Health, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Shannon L orcidid: 0000-0001-9005-830X surname: Gearhart fullname: Gearhart, Shannon L organization: Division of Global Migration Health, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Deborah L surname: Christensen fullname: Christensen, Deborah L organization: Division of Global Migration Health, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 9 givenname: George A surname: Pourakis fullname: Pourakis, George A organization: Division of Global Migration Health, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 10 givenname: Maureen surname: Fonseca-Ford fullname: Fonseca-Ford, Maureen organization: Division of Global Migration Health, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 11 givenname: Erin E surname: Rothney fullname: Rothney, Erin E organization: Division of Global Migration Health, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 12 givenname: Zenia K surname: Sunavala fullname: Sunavala, Zenia K organization: Division of Global Migration Health, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 13 givenname: Samantha D surname: Swisher fullname: Swisher, Samantha D organization: Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 14 givenname: Leslie surname: Hausman fullname: Hausman, Leslie organization: Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 15 givenname: Alida M orcidid: 0000-0001-8025-3793 surname: Gertz fullname: Gertz, Alida M organization: Division of Global Migration Health, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40788110$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNpNkM9u1DAQxi1URP_AA3BBc-RAwGMna-e4ZGlB2gqECteVE09oUGIvHqcSz8ULYkqRmMt8-s03nzRzLk5CDCTEc5SvEY15I6XWuqlb1aBu7KYxj8QZ1htbKWvMyX_6VJwzf5elFOon4rSWxlpEeSZ-XUfO0MVliQE6tzIxxBF25PItbAv8BjfJ3dFMqQwCbKc0JDdmcMHDtUtTnhaCr8RMM9_D3ZqmsrUvunobk6cEXYrMBTJ8pmNMmTzkCPmWoKOQ_ySPMcFuYnJcWAw5xfk-7FOiu2KZYngFSspyjVTqqXg8upnp2UO_EF8u391076v9x6sP3XZfDbXCXOEgCc2Iltre9m5UG0RC6wl75alG1KqV0ihDxrXaYN3o3stxIOPLz7xUF-Ll39xjij9W4nxYJh5onl2guPJBK21r1ba1LdYXD9a1X8gfjmlaXPp5-Pdo9RsXRoHY |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| DBID | CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7X8 |
| DOI | 10.1177/00333549251358657 |
| DatabaseName | Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitle | MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE MEDLINE - Academic |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: 7X8 name: MEDLINE - Academic url: https://search.proquest.com/medline sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | no_fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Public Health |
| EISSN | 1468-2877 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 40788110 |
| Genre | Journal Article |
| GeographicLocations | United States |
| GeographicLocations_xml | – name: United States |
| GroupedDBID | --- --K -TM -~X ..I .55 0R~ 0ZK 123 1B1 1KJ 29P 2KS 2WC 3O- 53G 54M 5RE 5VS 76W 7K8 85S 8R4 8R5 96U AABMB AACMV AADUE AAEWN AAFWJ AAIKC AAJPV AAMNW AANEX AAPII AAQFI AAQXI AARDL AARIX AATAA AAWTL ABAWP ABAWQ ABBHK ABCCA ABCJG ABEIX ABFNE ABFWQ ABIDT ABJNI ABKRH ABLUO ABPNF ABPPZ ABQDR ABQIJ ABQXT ABRHV ABUJY ABWJO ABXSQ ACARO ACBMB ACDIW ACDSZ ACDXX ACFEJ ACGFO ACGFS ACGOD ACHJO ACHQT ACKOT ACNCT ACOFE ACOXC ACROE ACSIQ ACUAV ACUIR ACXKE ACXMB ADBBV ADEBD ADEYR ADGDL ADRRZ ADUKH ADULT ADVBO AECGH AEGXH AEGZQ AELLO AENEX AEPTA AEQLS AESZF AEUPB AEWDL AEWHI AEXNY AFAZI AFEET AFKRG AFMOU AFQAA AFRAH AFUIA AGKLV AGNAY AGNHF AGWFA AHDMH AHMBA AIAGR AJGYC AJHME AJUXI AJUZI AJVBE AJXAJ AKBRZ ALKWR ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMCVQ ANDLU AOIJS ARTOV ASUFR AS~ AUTPY AYAKG BAWUL BBRGL BCR BDDNI BES BEYMZ BKIIM BKOMP BLC BPACV BR6 CAG CFDXU CGR COF CS3 CUY CVF DC- DC. DIK DOPDO DU5 DV7 EBS ECM EIF EIHBH EJD EX3 F5P F8P FAC FAS FHBDP FJW GIFXF GOZPB GROUPED_SAGE_PREMIER_JOURNAL_COLLECTION GRPMH GX1 H13 HVGLF HYE IHE IPSME J8X JAA JAAYA JBMMH JBZCM JENOY JHFFW JKQEH JLEZI JLXEF JPL JST K.F KOO L7B LBL LSO LXL LXN LXY M41 MVM NHB NPM NQ- O9- OK1 OMK OVD P2P PCD PEA PQQKQ PRG Q.- Q2X RNI ROL RPM RPZ RWL RZO SA0 SASJQ SAUOL SCNPE SFC SFH SHG SJN SPV TAE TEORI TN5 TR2 UHB UKR UNMZH UXK W2D WH7 WOQ WOW X7M XOL XZL Y4B YOC YR5 YRT YSK YYP YZZ Z0Y ZGI ZONMY ZPPRI ZRKOI ~KM ~X8 ~ZZ 7X8 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c421t-1c0e17f18e9b8baf2611e18de1b2de41132900727e7a9371453bd0fce7d287d02 |
| IEDL.DBID | 7X8 |
| ISICitedReferencesCount | 0 |
| ISICitedReferencesURI | http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=001546767400001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| ISSN | 1468-2877 |
| IngestDate | Thu Oct 02 21:54:24 EDT 2025 Mon Nov 03 01:45:28 EST 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | false |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 5-6 |
| Keywords | mortality cruise ship border health travel aircraft land crossing |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c421t-1c0e17f18e9b8baf2611e18de1b2de41132900727e7a9371453bd0fce7d287d02 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4895-0895 0000-0001-9005-830X 0000-0001-8025-3793 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12339495 |
| PMID | 40788110 |
| PQID | 3238429948 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_3238429948 pubmed_primary_40788110 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2025-11-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2025-11-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 11 year: 2025 text: 2025-11-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | United States |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: United States |
| PublicationTitle | Public health reports (1974) |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Public Health Rep |
| PublicationYear | 2025 |
| SSID | ssj0000213 |
| Score | 2.4392169 |
| Snippet | Historically, the most frequent cause of death reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) among travelers on conveyances has been... |
| SourceID | proquest pubmed |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database |
| StartPage | 531 |
| SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adult Aged Aircraft - statistics & numerical data Cardiovascular Diseases - mortality Cause of Death - trends Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S Child Child, Preschool COVID-19 - epidemiology COVID-19 - mortality Female Humans Male Middle Aged Ships - statistics & numerical data Travel - statistics & numerical data United States - epidemiology Young Adult |
| Title | Most Common Causes of Death Among Travelers on Aircraft and Maritime Vessels and During Land-Border Crossings Reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2008-2022 |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40788110 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3238429948 |
| Volume | 140 |
| WOSCitedRecordID | wos001546767400001&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D |
| hasFullText | |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1LS8QwEA7qehDE92N9MYJHg23TbtKTrLuKB3fxoLK3JW0SELTVbfWP-QedSbt4EgQvpZS2FCad-TKP72PsLMgUOn0Rc9cLNKfRSp6lgeFxprV1mbCBZ2J6upPjsZpM0vs24Va1bZVzn-gdtSlzypFfCIwt5Dtjdfn2zkk1iqqrrYTGIusIhDLU0iUnP2zhGL_EfLoIdwayrWp6wqVACEHsZEkoEtVL5O8I00eam_X_fuMGW2sxJvSbRbHJFmyxxVabBB00c0fb7GtUVjXQfEhZwEB_VLaC0sGQICH0SYIIHkia6AXxIeAt_edZPtOuBl0YGGniQnq18ETU4y-Vvzj0E49wh-f8ylN6woBiMOXioQH61kBdAmJOoKwyvRkxMwybIhEMmrZ5_7I5tVRZnINvnogQBuywx5vrh8EtbxUceB5HYc3DPLChdKGyaaYy7XC7FtpQGRtmkbGxV7kn7nJppSZivjgRmQlcbqVBe5kg2mVLRVnYfQYix52diRKRaxFL10uVi1NDRU0E3sbpLjud22SKfwiVPXRhy49q-mOVLttrDDt9a6g8plTFVIiADv7w9CFbiUj81w8iHrGOQ_9gj9ly_lk_V7MTv_TwOL4ffQMtFuKS |
| linkProvider | ProQuest |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Most+Common+Causes+of+Death+Among+Travelers+on+Aircraft+and+Maritime+Vessels+and+During+Land-Border+Crossings+Reported+to+the+Centers+for+Disease+Control+and+Prevention%2C+2008-2022&rft.jtitle=Public+health+reports+%281974%29&rft.au=Preston%2C+Leigh+Ellyn&rft.au=King%2C+Justice&rft.au=Ortiz%2C+Nancy&rft.au=Alvarado-Ramy%2C+Francisco&rft.date=2025-11-01&rft.eissn=1468-2877&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=531&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F00333549251358657&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F40788110&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F40788110&rft.externalDocID=40788110 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1468-2877&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1468-2877&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1468-2877&client=summon |