An overview of microRNAs: Biology, functions, therapeutics, and analysis methods

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs, which function in posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. They are powerful regulators of various cellular activities including cell growth, differentiation, development, and apoptosis. They have been linked to many diseases, and cur...

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Published in:Journal of cellular physiology Vol. 234; no. 5; pp. 5451 - 5465
Main Authors: Saliminejad, Kioomars, Khorram Khorshid, Hamid Reza, Soleymani Fard, Shahrzad, Ghaffari, Seyed Hamidollah
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.05.2019
Subjects:
Animals
Apoptosis
Bioinformatics
Cancer
Cell Communication
Cell interactions
Computational Biology
Epigenesis, Genetic
Epigenetics
Exercise
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
Humans
intercellular communication
microRNA
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - genetics
MicroRNAs - metabolism
MicroRNAs - therapeutic use
miRNA
Neoplasms - genetics
Neoplasms - metabolism
Neoplasms - therapy
Post-transcription
Regulators
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
Signal Transduction
therapeutics
intercellular communication
microRNA
therapeutics
epigenetics
gene expression
ISSN:0021-9541, 1097-4652, 1097-4652
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs, which function in posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. They are powerful regulators of various cellular activities including cell growth, differentiation, development, and apoptosis. They have been linked to many diseases, and currently miRNA‐mediated clinical trial has shown promising results for treatment of cancer and viral infection. This review provides an overview and update on miRNAs biogenesis, regulation of miRNAs expression, their biological functions, and role of miRNAs in epigenetics and cell–cell communication. In addition, alteration of miRNAs following exercise, their association with diseases, and therapeutic potential will be explained. Finally, miRNA bioinformatics tools and conventional methods for miRNA detection and quantification will be discussed. This review summarizes, miRNAs biology, functions, role of miRNAs in epigenetics and intercellular communication; Alteration of miRNAs after exercise, their association with diseases, and their therapeutic potential; Bioinformatics tools for miRNA studies and their analysis methods.
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ISSN:0021-9541
1097-4652
1097-4652
DOI:10.1002/jcp.27486