Tuning the surface chemistry of lubricant-derived phosphate thermal films: The effect of boron

[Display omitted] •The additives bulk interactions in “neat” blends at high temperatures is evaluated.•The competition among the different additives to react with air-oxidized steel surfaces under pure thermal condition is investigated.•Different thermal films are grown, their in depth-composition a...

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Vydané v:Applied surface science Ročník 396; s. 1251 - 1263
Hlavní autori: Spadaro, F., Rossi, A., Lainé, E., Woodward, P., Spencer, N.D.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Elsevier B.V 28.02.2017
Predmet:
Angle-resolved XPS
Borated dispersant
Layer thickness
NMR
Thermal film
ZnDTP
NMR
Borated dispersant
ZnDTP
Thermal film
Layer thickness
Angle-resolved XPS
ISSN:0169-4332, 1873-5584
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Popis
Shrnutí:[Display omitted] •The additives bulk interactions in “neat” blends at high temperatures is evaluated.•The competition among the different additives to react with air-oxidized steel surfaces under pure thermal condition is investigated.•Different thermal films are grown, their in depth-composition and thickness is determined by ARXPS.•A reaction mechanism is proposed for elucidating the composition of the thermals films. Understanding the interactions among the various additives in a lubricant is important because they can have a major influence on the performance of blends under tribological conditions. The present investigation is focused on the interactions occurring between ZnDTP and dispersant molecules in an oil formulation, and on their reactivity under purely thermal conditions in the presence of air-oxidized iron surfaces. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) was performed on undiluted blends at different temperatures, while angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ARXPS) was exploited to investigate the surface reactivity on oxidized iron surfaces. The results indicate that the dispersant, generally added to blends for preventing the deposition of sludge, varnish and soot on the surface, might also inhibit the reaction of all other additives with the steel surface.
ISSN:0169-4332
1873-5584
DOI:10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.11.124