RNA multimerization as an organizing force for liquid-liquid phase separation

RNA interactions are exceptionally strong and highly redundant. As such, nearly any two RNAs have the potential to interact with one another over relatively short stretches, especially at high RNA concentrations. This is especially true for pairs of RNAs that do not form strong self-structure. Such...

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Veröffentlicht in:RNA (Cambridge) Jg. 28; H. 1; S. 16
Hauptverfasser: Bevilacqua, Philip C, Williams, Allison M, Chou, Hong-Li, Assmann, Sarah M
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: United States 01.01.2022
Schlagworte:
Adaptation, Physiological
Base Pairing
Base Sequence
Biomolecular Condensates - chemistry
Biomolecular Condensates - metabolism
Hydrogen Bonding
Kinetics
Nucleic Acid Conformation
Plant Cells - metabolism
Plants - metabolism
Polyamines - chemistry
Polyamines - metabolism
Polymerization
RNA - chemistry
RNA - metabolism
Salts - chemistry
Salts - metabolism
Stress, Physiological
Thermodynamics
plant biology
condensate
RNA structure
biophysics
ISSN:1469-9001, 1469-9001
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Zusammenfassung:RNA interactions are exceptionally strong and highly redundant. As such, nearly any two RNAs have the potential to interact with one another over relatively short stretches, especially at high RNA concentrations. This is especially true for pairs of RNAs that do not form strong self-structure. Such phenomena can drive liquid-liquid phase separation, either solely from RNA-RNA interactions in the presence of divalent or organic cations, or in concert with proteins. RNA interactions can drive multimerization of RNA strands via both base-pairing and tertiary interactions. In this article, we explore the tendency of RNA to form stable monomers, dimers, and higher order structures as a function of RNA length and sequence through a focus on the intrinsic thermodynamic, kinetic, and structural properties of RNA. The principles we discuss are independent of any specific type of biomolecular condensate, and thus widely applicable. We also speculate how external conditions experienced by living organisms can influence the formation of nonmembranous compartments, again focusing on the physical and structural properties of RNA. Plants, in particular, are subject to diverse abiotic stresses including extreme temperatures, drought, and salinity. These stresses and the cellular responses to them, including changes in the concentrations of small molecules such as polyamines, salts, and compatible solutes, have the potential to regulate condensate formation by melting or strengthening base-pairing. Reversible condensate formation, perhaps including regulation by circadian rhythms, could impact biological processes in plants, and other organisms.
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ObjectType-Review-3
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ISSN:1469-9001
1469-9001
DOI:10.1261/rna.078999.121