Physical Exercise as a Therapeutic Approach for Patients Living with Type 2 Diabetes: Does the Explanation Reside in Exerkines?—A Review

For a few decades, Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) has been recognized as a worldwide public health issue. T2D relies on systemic insulin resistance leading to Beta cell dysfunction. Nowadays, lifestyle modifications, such as improving eating habits and increasing physical activity, represent the first recomm...

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Vydáno v:International journal of molecular sciences Ročník 26; číslo 17; s. 8182
Hlavní autoři: Bernard, Daphné, Sultan, Ariane, Bouzakri, Karim
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.09.2025
MDPI
Témata:
Adipose tissues
Aerobics
Animals
Apoptosis
Biosynthesis
Body fat
Body mass index
Cell death
Development and progression
Diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - therapy
Eating behavior
Endocrinology and metabolism
Exercise
Exercise - physiology
Exercise Therapy - methods
Food habits
Glucose
Health aspects
Heart rate
Human health and pathology
Humans
Hyperglycemia
Insulin
Insulin Resistance
Insulin-Secreting Cells - metabolism
Intervention
Life Sciences
Lifestyles
Obesity
Physical fitness
Sedentary behavior
Strength training
Tissues and Organs
Type 2 diabetes
France
exerkines
insulin sensitivity
exercise
type 2 diabetes
beta cell function
ISSN:1422-0067, 1661-6596, 1422-0067
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Shrnutí:For a few decades, Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) has been recognized as a worldwide public health issue. T2D relies on systemic insulin resistance leading to Beta cell dysfunction. Nowadays, lifestyle modifications, such as improving eating habits and increasing physical activity, represent the first recommendations for managing T2D. Physical exercise, as a structured physical activity, is now considered as a non-pharmacological treatment with a wide range of beneficial effects, especially for people living with T2D. The review intends to summarize the current knowledge of physical exercise benefits in a context of T2D: from “unwanted” adipose tissue reduction to Beta cell health improvement. Moreover, we try to suggest an underlying mechanism explaining physical exercise beneficial effects in the context of T2D focusing on exerkines, molecules secreted in response to physical exercise. With this review, we highlight the beneficial impact of post-exercise secretions on Beta cell health and encourage research to continue in this direction. Identifying new exerkines with beneficial effects in the context of T2D could represent a promising approach for managing metabolic diseases.
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ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms26178182