Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease: Pathophysiological Insights and Therapeutic Options

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit an elevated cardiovascular risk manifesting as coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Although the incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular events is already significantly higher in patients with early CKD s...

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Published in:	Circulation (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 143; no. 11; p. 1157
Main Authors:	Jankowski, Joachim, Floege, Jürgen, Fliser, Danilo, Böhm, Michael, Marx, Nikolaus
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States 16.03.2021
Subjects:	Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology Female Humans Male Middle Aged Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - physiopathology Risk Factors cardiovascular disease heart failure chronic kidney disease arrhythmias death clinical aspects sudden cardiac
ISSN:	1524-4539, 1524-4539
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Abstract	Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit an elevated cardiovascular risk manifesting as coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Although the incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular events is already significantly higher in patients with early CKD stages (CKD stages 1-3) compared with the general population, patients with advanced CKD stages (CKD stages 4-5) exhibit a markedly elevated risk. Cardiovascular rather than end-stage kidney disease (CKD stage 5) is the leading cause of death in this high-risk population. CKD causes a systemic, chronic proinflammatory state contributing to vascular and myocardial remodeling processes resulting in atherosclerotic lesions, vascular calcification, and vascular senescence as well as myocardial fibrosis and calcification of cardiac valves. In this respect, CKD mimics an accelerated aging of the cardiovascular system. This overview article summarizes the current understanding and clinical consequences of cardiovascular disease in CKD.
AbstractList	Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit an elevated cardiovascular risk manifesting as coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Although the incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular events is already significantly higher in patients with early CKD stages (CKD stages 1-3) compared with the general population, patients with advanced CKD stages (CKD stages 4-5) exhibit a markedly elevated risk. Cardiovascular rather than end-stage kidney disease (CKD stage 5) is the leading cause of death in this high-risk population. CKD causes a systemic, chronic proinflammatory state contributing to vascular and myocardial remodeling processes resulting in atherosclerotic lesions, vascular calcification, and vascular senescence as well as myocardial fibrosis and calcification of cardiac valves. In this respect, CKD mimics an accelerated aging of the cardiovascular system. This overview article summarizes the current understanding and clinical consequences of cardiovascular disease in CKD. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit an elevated cardiovascular risk manifesting as coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Although the incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular events is already significantly higher in patients with early CKD stages (CKD stages 1-3) compared with the general population, patients with advanced CKD stages (CKD stages 4-5) exhibit a markedly elevated risk. Cardiovascular rather than end-stage kidney disease (CKD stage 5) is the leading cause of death in this high-risk population. CKD causes a systemic, chronic proinflammatory state contributing to vascular and myocardial remodeling processes resulting in atherosclerotic lesions, vascular calcification, and vascular senescence as well as myocardial fibrosis and calcification of cardiac valves. In this respect, CKD mimics an accelerated aging of the cardiovascular system. This overview article summarizes the current understanding and clinical consequences of cardiovascular disease in CKD.Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit an elevated cardiovascular risk manifesting as coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Although the incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular events is already significantly higher in patients with early CKD stages (CKD stages 1-3) compared with the general population, patients with advanced CKD stages (CKD stages 4-5) exhibit a markedly elevated risk. Cardiovascular rather than end-stage kidney disease (CKD stage 5) is the leading cause of death in this high-risk population. CKD causes a systemic, chronic proinflammatory state contributing to vascular and myocardial remodeling processes resulting in atherosclerotic lesions, vascular calcification, and vascular senescence as well as myocardial fibrosis and calcification of cardiac valves. In this respect, CKD mimics an accelerated aging of the cardiovascular system. This overview article summarizes the current understanding and clinical consequences of cardiovascular disease in CKD.
Author	Floege, Jürgen Böhm, Michael Jankowski, Joachim Fliser, Danilo Marx, Nikolaus
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Joachim surname: Jankowski fullname: Jankowski, Joachim organization: School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, The Netherlands (J.J.) – sequence: 2 givenname: Jürgen surname: Floege fullname: Floege, Jürgen organization: Division of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology (J.F.), University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany – sequence: 3 givenname: Danilo surname: Fliser fullname: Fliser, Danilo organization: Department of Nephrology (D.F.), Saarland University Medical Centre, Homburg, Germany – sequence: 4 givenname: Michael surname: Böhm fullname: Böhm, Michael organization: Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine (M.B.), Saarland University Medical Centre, Homburg, Germany – sequence: 5 givenname: Nikolaus surname: Marx fullname: Marx, Nikolaus organization: Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology) (N.M.), University Hospital, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33720773$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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SubjectTerms	Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology Female Humans Male Middle Aged Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - physiopathology Risk Factors
Title	Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease: Pathophysiological Insights and Therapeutic Options
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Volume	143
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