Adaptive Feature Medical Segmentation Network: an adaptable deep learning paradigm for high-performance 3D brain lesion segmentation in medical imaging

In neurological diagnostics, accurate detection and segmentation of brain lesions is crucial. Identifying these lesions is challenging due to its complex morphology, especially when using traditional methods. Conventional methods are either computationally demanding with a marginal impact/enhancemen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Frontiers in neuroscience Vol. 18; p. 1363930
Main Authors:	Zaman, Asim, Hassan, Haseeb, Zeng, Xueqiang, Khan, Rashid, Lu, Jiaxi, Yang, Huihui, Miao, Xiaoqiang, Cao, Anbo, Yang, Yingjian, Huang, Bingding, Guo, Yingwei, Kang, Yan
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 2024
Subjects:	adaptive feature extraction attention mechanism brain lesion segmentation computer-aided diagnosis encoder-decoder architecture medical image analysis deep learning attention mechanism encoder-decoder architecture neurological diagnostics computer-aided diagnosis adaptive feature extraction medical image analysis brain lesion segmentation
ISSN:	1662-453X, 1662-4548, 1662-453X
Online Access:	Get full text
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Summary:	In neurological diagnostics, accurate detection and segmentation of brain lesions is crucial. Identifying these lesions is challenging due to its complex morphology, especially when using traditional methods. Conventional methods are either computationally demanding with a marginal impact/enhancement or sacrifice fine details for computational efficiency. Therefore, balancing performance and precision in compute-intensive medical imaging remains a hot research topic. We introduce a novel encoder-decoder network architecture named the Adaptive Feature Medical Segmentation Network (AFMS-Net) with two encoder variants: the Single Adaptive Encoder Block (SAEB) and the Dual Adaptive Encoder Block (DAEB). A squeeze-and-excite mechanism is employed in SAEB to identify significant data while disregarding peripheral details. This approach is best suited for scenarios requiring quick and efficient segmentation, with an emphasis on identifying key lesion areas. In contrast, the DAEB utilizes an advanced channel spatial attention strategy for fine-grained delineation and multiple-class classifications. Additionally, both architectures incorporate a Segmentation Path (SegPath) module between the encoder and decoder, refining segmentation, enhancing feature extraction, and improving model performance and stability. AFMS-Net demonstrates exceptional performance across several notable datasets, including BRATs 2021, ATLAS 2021, and ISLES 2022. Its design aims to construct a lightweight architecture capable of handling complex segmentation challenges with high precision. The proposed AFMS-Net addresses the critical balance issue between performance and computational efficiency in the segmentation of brain lesions. By introducing two tailored encoder variants, the network adapts to varying requirements of speed and feature. This approach not only advances the state-of-the-art in lesion segmentation but also provides a scalable framework for future research in medical image processing.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1662-453X 1662-4548 1662-453X
DOI:	10.3389/fnins.2024.1363930