Assessing the Impact of the 2020 Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists Case Definition for Pertussis on Reported Pertussis Cases

In 2020, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) pertussis case definition was modified; the main change was classifying polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive cases as confirmed, regardless of cough duration. Pertussis data reported through Enhanced Pertussis Surveillance (EPS...

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Veröffentlicht in:Clinical infectious diseases Jg. 78; H. 6; S. 1727
Hauptverfasser: Rubis, Amy B, Cole, Matthew, Tondella, M Lucia, Pawloski, Lucia C, Youngkin, Erin, Firmender, Patricia, Aden, Vanessa, Cruz, Victor, Stanislawski, Emma, Wester, Rachel, Cieslak, Paul R, Acosta, Anna M, Skoff, Tami H
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: United States 14.06.2024
Schlagworte:
Adolescent
Adult
Bordetella pertussis - genetics
Bordetella pertussis - isolation & purification
Child
Child, Preschool
Disease Notification - statistics & numerical data
Female
Humans
Infant
Male
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Population Surveillance
United States - epidemiology
Whooping Cough - diagnosis
Whooping Cough - epidemiology
Whooping Cough - prevention & control
Young Adult
United States
nationally notifiable
surveillance
vaccine-preventable
case definition
pertussis
ISSN:1537-6591, 1537-6591
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Abstract In 2020, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) pertussis case definition was modified; the main change was classifying polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive cases as confirmed, regardless of cough duration. Pertussis data reported through Enhanced Pertussis Surveillance (EPS) in 7 sites and the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) were used to evaluate the impact of the new case definition. We compared the number of EPS cases with cough onset in 2020 to the number that would have been reported based on the prior (2014) CSTE case definition. To assess the impact of the change nationally, the proportion of EPS cases newly reportable under the 2020 CSTE case definition was applied to 2020 NNDSS data to estimate how many additional cases were captured nationally. Among 442 confirmed and probable cases reported to EPS states in 2020, 42 (9.5%) were newly reportable according to the 2020 case definition. Applying this proportion to the 6124 confirmed and probable cases reported nationally in 2020, we estimated that the new definition added 582 cases. Had the case definition not changed, reported cases in 2020 would have decreased by 70% from 2019; the observed decrease was 67%. Despite a substantial decrease in reported pertussis cases in the setting of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), our data show that the 2020 pertussis case definition change resulted in additional case reporting compared with the previous case definition, providing greater opportunities for public health interventions such as prophylaxis of close contacts.
AbstractList In 2020, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) pertussis case definition was modified; the main change was classifying polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive cases as confirmed, regardless of cough duration. Pertussis data reported through Enhanced Pertussis Surveillance (EPS) in 7 sites and the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) were used to evaluate the impact of the new case definition. We compared the number of EPS cases with cough onset in 2020 to the number that would have been reported based on the prior (2014) CSTE case definition. To assess the impact of the change nationally, the proportion of EPS cases newly reportable under the 2020 CSTE case definition was applied to 2020 NNDSS data to estimate how many additional cases were captured nationally. Among 442 confirmed and probable cases reported to EPS states in 2020, 42 (9.5%) were newly reportable according to the 2020 case definition. Applying this proportion to the 6124 confirmed and probable cases reported nationally in 2020, we estimated that the new definition added 582 cases. Had the case definition not changed, reported cases in 2020 would have decreased by 70% from 2019; the observed decrease was 67%. Despite a substantial decrease in reported pertussis cases in the setting of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), our data show that the 2020 pertussis case definition change resulted in additional case reporting compared with the previous case definition, providing greater opportunities for public health interventions such as prophylaxis of close contacts.
In 2020, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) pertussis case definition was modified; the main change was classifying polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive cases as confirmed, regardless of cough duration. Pertussis data reported through Enhanced Pertussis Surveillance (EPS) in 7 sites and the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) were used to evaluate the impact of the new case definition.BACKGROUNDIn 2020, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) pertussis case definition was modified; the main change was classifying polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive cases as confirmed, regardless of cough duration. Pertussis data reported through Enhanced Pertussis Surveillance (EPS) in 7 sites and the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) were used to evaluate the impact of the new case definition.We compared the number of EPS cases with cough onset in 2020 to the number that would have been reported based on the prior (2014) CSTE case definition. To assess the impact of the change nationally, the proportion of EPS cases newly reportable under the 2020 CSTE case definition was applied to 2020 NNDSS data to estimate how many additional cases were captured nationally.METHODSWe compared the number of EPS cases with cough onset in 2020 to the number that would have been reported based on the prior (2014) CSTE case definition. To assess the impact of the change nationally, the proportion of EPS cases newly reportable under the 2020 CSTE case definition was applied to 2020 NNDSS data to estimate how many additional cases were captured nationally.Among 442 confirmed and probable cases reported to EPS states in 2020, 42 (9.5%) were newly reportable according to the 2020 case definition. Applying this proportion to the 6124 confirmed and probable cases reported nationally in 2020, we estimated that the new definition added 582 cases. Had the case definition not changed, reported cases in 2020 would have decreased by 70% from 2019; the observed decrease was 67%.RESULTSAmong 442 confirmed and probable cases reported to EPS states in 2020, 42 (9.5%) were newly reportable according to the 2020 case definition. Applying this proportion to the 6124 confirmed and probable cases reported nationally in 2020, we estimated that the new definition added 582 cases. Had the case definition not changed, reported cases in 2020 would have decreased by 70% from 2019; the observed decrease was 67%.Despite a substantial decrease in reported pertussis cases in the setting of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), our data show that the 2020 pertussis case definition change resulted in additional case reporting compared with the previous case definition, providing greater opportunities for public health interventions such as prophylaxis of close contacts.CONCLUSIONSDespite a substantial decrease in reported pertussis cases in the setting of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), our data show that the 2020 pertussis case definition change resulted in additional case reporting compared with the previous case definition, providing greater opportunities for public health interventions such as prophylaxis of close contacts.
Author Cole, Matthew
Rubis, Amy B
Firmender, Patricia
Aden, Vanessa
Cieslak, Paul R
Wester, Rachel
Acosta, Anna M
Stanislawski, Emma
Pawloski, Lucia C
Skoff, Tami H
Youngkin, Erin
Cruz, Victor
Tondella, M Lucia
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  surname: Rubis
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  organization: Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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  givenname: Matthew
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  organization: Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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  givenname: M Lucia
  surname: Tondella
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  organization: Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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  organization: Connecticut Department of Public Health, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
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  organization: Minnesota Department of Public Health, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
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  organization: New Mexico Department of Health, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA
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  organization: Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA (now with GSK Vaccines)
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  organization: Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijid_2025_108040
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case definition
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Snippet In 2020, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) pertussis case definition was modified; the main change was classifying polymerase chain...
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SubjectTerms Adolescent
Adult
Bordetella pertussis - genetics
Bordetella pertussis - isolation & purification
Child
Child, Preschool
Disease Notification - statistics & numerical data
Female
Humans
Infant
Male
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Population Surveillance
United States - epidemiology
Whooping Cough - diagnosis
Whooping Cough - epidemiology
Whooping Cough - prevention & control
Young Adult
Title Assessing the Impact of the 2020 Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists Case Definition for Pertussis on Reported Pertussis Cases
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