Mosaic structural variation in children with developmental disorders

Delineating the genetic causes of developmental disorders is an area of active investigation. Mosaic structural abnormalities, defined as copy number or loss of heterozygosity events that are large and present in only a subset of cells, have been detected in 0.2-1.0% of children ascertained for clin...

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Published in:Human molecular genetics Vol. 24; no. 10; p. 2733
Main Authors: King, Daniel A, Jones, Wendy D, Crow, Yanick J, Dominiczak, Anna F, Foster, Nicola A, Gaunt, Tom R, Harris, Jade, Hellens, Stephen W, Homfray, Tessa, Innes, Josie, Jones, Elizabeth A, Joss, Shelagh, Kulkarni, Abhijit, Mansour, Sahar, Morris, Andrew D, Parker, Michael J, Porteous, David J, Shihab, Hashem A, Smith, Blair H, Tatton-Brown, Katrina, Tolmie, John L, Trzaskowski, Maciej, Vasudevan, Pradeep C, Wakeling, Emma, Wright, Michael, Plomin, Robert, Timpson, Nicholas J, Hurles, Matthew E
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England 15.05.2015
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Case-Control Studies
Child
Child, Preschool
Developmental Disabilities - genetics
Female
Genetic Testing
Genomic Structural Variation
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Loss of Heterozygosity
Male
Middle Aged
Mosaicism
Young Adult
ISSN:1460-2083, 1460-2083
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Summary:Delineating the genetic causes of developmental disorders is an area of active investigation. Mosaic structural abnormalities, defined as copy number or loss of heterozygosity events that are large and present in only a subset of cells, have been detected in 0.2-1.0% of children ascertained for clinical genetic testing. However, the frequency among healthy children in the community is not well characterized, which, if known, could inform better interpretation of the pathogenic burden of this mutational category in children with developmental disorders. In a case-control analysis, we compared the rate of large-scale mosaicism between 1303 children with developmental disorders and 5094 children lacking developmental disorders, using an analytical pipeline we developed, and identified a substantial enrichment in cases (odds ratio = 39.4, P-value 1.073e - 6). A meta-analysis that included frequency estimates among an additional 7000 children with congenital diseases yielded an even stronger statistical enrichment (P-value 1.784e - 11). In addition, to maximize the detection of low-clonality events in probands, we applied a trio-based mosaic detection algorithm, which detected two additional events in probands, including an individual with genome-wide suspected chimerism. In total, we detected 12 structural mosaic abnormalities among 1303 children (0.9%). Given the burden of mosaicism detected in cases, we suspected that many of the events detected in probands were pathogenic. Scrutiny of the genotypic-phenotypic relationship of each detected variant assessed that the majority of events are very likely pathogenic. This work quantifies the burden of structural mosaicism as a cause of developmental disorders.
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ISSN:1460-2083
1460-2083
DOI:10.1093/hmg/ddv033