Vitamin D status indicators in indigenous populations in East Africa

Purpose Sufficient vitamin D status may be defined as the evolutionary established circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] matching our Paleolithic genome. Methods We studied serum 25(OH)D [defined as 25(OH)D 2  + 25(OH)D 3 ] and its determinants in 5 East African ethnical groups across the life c...

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Vydáno v:European journal of nutrition Ročník 52; číslo 3; s. 1115 - 1125
Hlavní autoři: Luxwolda, Martine F., Kuipers, Remko S., Kema, Ido P., van der Veer, E., Dijck-Brouwer, D. A. Janneke, Muskiet, Frits A. J.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer-Verlag 01.04.2013
Springer Nature B.V
Témata:
25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2
25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2 - blood
adipose tissue
Adult
adults
adverse effects
African Continental Ancestry Group
Animals
Biomarkers
Biomarkers - blood
Black People
blood
Calcifediol
Calcifediol - blood
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Diet
Diet - adverse effects
Diet - ethnology
docosahexaenoic acid
Eastern Africa
Environmental Exposure
erythrocytes
ethnology
etiology
Female
Fetal Blood
fish
genome
Humans
Infant, Newborn
infants
insulin resistance
Lactation
Lactation - blood
Life Style
Life Style - ethnology
lifestyle
Male
Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
mothers
nationalities and ethnic groups
Nutrition
Nutritional Status
Nutritional Status - ethnology
Original Contribution
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications
Pregnancy Complications - blood
Pregnancy Complications - ethnology
Pregnancy Complications - etiology
pregnant women
prevention & control
solar radiation
Sunlight
Tanzania
United Kingdom
vitamin D
Vitamin D Deficiency
Vitamin D Deficiency - blood
Vitamin D Deficiency - ethnology
Vitamin D Deficiency - etiology
Vitamin D Deficiency - prevention & control
vitamin D-binding protein
Tanzania
United Kingdom
Eastern Africa
Pregnancy
Evolution
Sunlight exposure
Fish intake
East Africa
25-Hydroxyvitamin D
ISSN:1436-6207, 1436-6215, 1436-6215
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Shrnutí:Purpose Sufficient vitamin D status may be defined as the evolutionary established circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] matching our Paleolithic genome. Methods We studied serum 25(OH)D [defined as 25(OH)D 2  + 25(OH)D 3 ] and its determinants in 5 East African ethnical groups across the life cycle: Maasai (MA) and Hadzabe (HA) with traditional life styles and low fish intakes, and people from Same (SA; intermediate fish), Sengerema (SE; high fish), and Ukerewe (UK; high fish). Samples derived from non-pregnant adults (MA, HA, SE), pregnant women (MA, SA, SE), mother–infant couples at delivery (UK), infants at delivery and their lactating mothers at 3 days (MA, SA, SE), and lactating mothers at 3 months postpartum (SA, SE). Erythrocyte docosahexaenoic acid (RBC-DHA) was determined as a proxy for fish intake. Results The mean ± SD 25(OH)D of non-pregnant adults and cord serum were 106.8 ± 28.4 and 79.9 ± 26.4 nmol/L, respectively. Pregnancy, delivery, ethnicity (which we used as a proxy for sunlight exposure), RBC-DHA, and age were the determinants of 25(OH)D. 25(OH)D increased slightly with age. RBC-DHA was positively related to 25(OH)D, notably 25(OH)D 2 . Pregnant MA (147.7 vs. 118.3) and SE (141.9 vs. 89.0) had higher 25(OH)D than non-pregnant counterparts (MA, SE). Infant 25(OH)D at delivery in Ukerewe was about 65 % of maternal 25(OH)D. Conclusions Our ancient 25(OH)D amounted to about 115 nmol/L and sunlight exposure, rather than fish intake, was the principal determinant. The fetoplacental unit was exposed to high 25(OH)D, possibly by maternal vitamin D mobilization from adipose tissue, reduced insulin sensitivity, trapping by vitamin D-binding protein, diminished deactivation, or some combination.
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ISSN:1436-6207
1436-6215
1436-6215
DOI:10.1007/s00394-012-0421-6