Multi-pulse LPC modeling of articulatory movements

The frame-by-frame variation of tongue profiles derived from X-ray film data is described in terms of the temporal patterns of four articulatory parameters. The temporal variation of each parameter, i.e., movement, is assumed to be the output of a time-invariant auto-regressive filter. Each filter i...

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Vydáno v:	Speech communication Ročník 24; číslo 3; s. 227 - 248
Hlavní autoři:	Bouabana, Soumya, Maeda, Shinji
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01.06.1998 Elsevier
Témata:	Acoustic Phonetics Applied sciences Articulation Articulatory movement modeling Exact sciences and technology Information, signal and communications theory Multi-pulse LPC Oral Cavity Signal processing Speech processing Speech production Speech Synthesis Syllables Telecommunications and information theory Speech production Multi-pulse LPC Syllables Articulatory movement modeling Acoustic parameter Linear prediction Coding Auto-regressive filter Articulatory parameter Speech synthesis Invarying system Speech processing Time variation Syllable Pulse sequence Articulatory command
ISSN:	0167-6393, 1872-7182
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Abstract	The frame-by-frame variation of tongue profiles derived from X-ray film data is described in terms of the temporal patterns of four articulatory parameters. The temporal variation of each parameter, i.e., movement, is assumed to be the output of a time-invariant auto-regressive filter. Each filter is excited by a sequence of pulses, representing articulatory commands. The filter coefficients, and the position and amplitude of the pulses are determined by applying an MLPC method. The curve of synthesis error for each movement shows a rapid decrease up to a number of pulses corresponding to that of the syllables in the sentence and then the decreasing rate becomes distinctively slower suggesting the presence of syllable-size motor organization. The minimum number of pulses is determined by using an acoustic criterion. It depends on the number of the phonetic features, in the sentence, of which their realization is crucially related to their pertinent parameters. Die Veränderungen des Zungenprofils, abgeleitet aus aufeinander folgenden Aufnahmen eines Röngenfilmes, werden mit Hilfe der zeitlichen Merkmale von vier Artikulationsparametern beschrieben. Die zeitliche Veränderung eines jeden Parameters, d.h. die Bewegung der Zunge, wird als Ausgangssignal eines zeitinvarianten autoregressiven Filters modelliert. Jedes Filter wird durch eine Folge von Pulsen erregt, die die Artikulation repräsentieren. In diesem Modell entspricht die zeitliche Organisation der Sprache einer sylbenbasierten, phonologischen Repräsentation. Der Kurvenverlauf des Synthesefehlers für jede Bewegung zeigt einen rapiden Abfall bis hin zu der Anzahl an Pulsen, die der Sylbenanzahl im Satz entspricht; die Abnahme des Fehlers verlangsamt sich hiernach stark. Die minimale Anzahl an Pulsen wird durch ein akustisches Kriterium bestimmt. Es hängt von der Anzahl der Phoneme im Satz ab, deren Realisierung, wesentlich von besonderen Parametern abhängt. Les variations temporelles du profil de la langue enregitrées dans des images cinéradiographiques sont décrites par les mouvements de quatre paramètres articulatoires. La variation temporelle de chaque paramètre (mouvement) est supposée être la sortie d'un filtre auto-régressif invariant dans le temps. Chaque filtre est excité par une séquence d'impulsions qui représente la commande articulatoire. Les coefficients du filtre, la position et l'amplitude des impulsions sont déterminés par la méthode de la MLPC. Dans ce modèle, le geste syllabique apparaı̂t comme l'unité de base dans l'organisation temporelle des mouvements de la langue lors de la production de la parole. Par ailleurs, l'erreur de synthèse décroı̂t rapidement jusqu'au nombre d'impulsions de commande égal à celui des syllabes dans la phrase. Au delà de ce nombre, la pente de l'erreur devient faible. Le nombre minimum d'impulsions pour chaque paramètre articulatoire est déterminé en utilisant un critère acoustique. Il dépend du nombre des traits phonétiques dans la phrase dont la réalisation dépend d'un paramètre particulier.
AbstractList	The frame-by-frame variation of tongue profiles derived from X-ray film data is described in terms of the temporal patterns of four articulatory parameters. The temporal variation of each parameter, i.e., movement, is assumed to be the output of a time-invariant auto-regressive filter. Each filter is excited by a sequence of pulses, representing articulatory commands. The filter coefficients, and the position and amplitude of the pulses are determined by applying an MLPC method. The curve of synthesis error for each movement shows a rapid decrease up to a number of pulses corresponding to that of the syllables in the sentence and then the decreasing rate becomes distinctively slower suggesting the presence of syllable-size motor organization. The minimum number of pulses is determined by using an acoustic criterion. It depends on the number of the phonetic features, in the sentence, of which their realization is crucially related to their pertinent parameters. Die Veränderungen des Zungenprofils, abgeleitet aus aufeinander folgenden Aufnahmen eines Röngenfilmes, werden mit Hilfe der zeitlichen Merkmale von vier Artikulationsparametern beschrieben. Die zeitliche Veränderung eines jeden Parameters, d.h. die Bewegung der Zunge, wird als Ausgangssignal eines zeitinvarianten autoregressiven Filters modelliert. Jedes Filter wird durch eine Folge von Pulsen erregt, die die Artikulation repräsentieren. In diesem Modell entspricht die zeitliche Organisation der Sprache einer sylbenbasierten, phonologischen Repräsentation. Der Kurvenverlauf des Synthesefehlers für jede Bewegung zeigt einen rapiden Abfall bis hin zu der Anzahl an Pulsen, die der Sylbenanzahl im Satz entspricht; die Abnahme des Fehlers verlangsamt sich hiernach stark. Die minimale Anzahl an Pulsen wird durch ein akustisches Kriterium bestimmt. Es hängt von der Anzahl der Phoneme im Satz ab, deren Realisierung, wesentlich von besonderen Parametern abhängt. Les variations temporelles du profil de la langue enregitrées dans des images cinéradiographiques sont décrites par les mouvements de quatre paramètres articulatoires. La variation temporelle de chaque paramètre (mouvement) est supposée être la sortie d'un filtre auto-régressif invariant dans le temps. Chaque filtre est excité par une séquence d'impulsions qui représente la commande articulatoire. Les coefficients du filtre, la position et l'amplitude des impulsions sont déterminés par la méthode de la MLPC. Dans ce modèle, le geste syllabique apparaı̂t comme l'unité de base dans l'organisation temporelle des mouvements de la langue lors de la production de la parole. Par ailleurs, l'erreur de synthèse décroı̂t rapidement jusqu'au nombre d'impulsions de commande égal à celui des syllabes dans la phrase. Au delà de ce nombre, la pente de l'erreur devient faible. Le nombre minimum d'impulsions pour chaque paramètre articulatoire est déterminé en utilisant un critère acoustique. Il dépend du nombre des traits phonétiques dans la phrase dont la réalisation dépend d'un paramètre particulier. The frame-by-frame variation of tongue profiles derived from X-ray film data is described in terms of the temporal patterns of four articulatory parameters. The temporal variation of each parameter, ie, movement, is assumed to be the output of a time-invariant auto-regressive filter. Each filter is excited by a sequence of pulses, representing articulatory commands. The filter coefficients, & the position & amplitude of the pulses are determined by applying a multiple-pulse linear predictive coding (MLPC) method. The curve of synthesis error for each movement shows a rapid decrease up to a number of pulses corresponding to that of the syllables in the sentence & then the decreasing rate becomes distinctively slower suggesting the presence of syllable-size motor organization. The minimum number of pulses is determined by using an acoustic criterion dependent on the number of phonetic features, in the sentence, of which their realization is crucially related to their pertinent parameters. 3 Tables, 13 Figures, 1 Appendix, 48 References. Adapted from the source document
Author	Bouabana, Soumya Maeda, Shinji
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Cites_doi	10.1109/TCS.1983.1085302 10.1051/jp4:1994593 10.1121/1.1913427 10.1121/1.404204 10.1159/000261955 10.1037/h0026823 10.1121/1.383662 10.1113/jphysiol.1973.sp010138 10.1121/1.1912683 10.2466/pr0.1962.10.3.651 10.1109/10.247798 10.1121/1.1912750 10.1121/1.391882 10.1109/ICASSP.1986.1169247 10.1121/1.406817 10.1007/BF00339982 10.1007/978-94-009-2037-8_6 10.1109/PROC.1981.12184 10.1037/h0020279 10.1109/29.32276 10.1109/ICASSP.1982.1171649 10.1121/1.1907979 10.1098/rspb.1938.0050 10.1044/jshr.1703.470 10.1121/1.2143313 10.1121/1.1910340 10.1044/jshr.0403.233 10.1109/TASSP.1975.1162701 10.1016/0167-6393(86)90003-8 10.1007/BF00337136 10.1016/0167-6393(82)90017-6 10.1016/0010-4825(73)90003-6 10.1016/B978-0-12-360380-7.50008-9 10.1121/1.2143460 10.1016/0093-934X(87)90058-7 10.1090/dimacs/017/01 10.1007/BF00318375 10.1109/PROC.1975.9792 10.1016/S0095-4470(19)31123-4
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Keywords	Speech production Multi-pulse LPC Syllables Articulatory movement modeling Acoustic parameter Linear prediction Coding Auto-regressive filter Articulatory parameter Speech synthesis Invarying system Speech processing Time variation Syllable Pulse sequence Articulatory command
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Snippet	The frame-by-frame variation of tongue profiles derived from X-ray film data is described in terms of the temporal patterns of four articulatory parameters....
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SubjectTerms	Acoustic Phonetics Applied sciences Articulation Articulatory movement modeling Exact sciences and technology Information, signal and communications theory Multi-pulse LPC Oral Cavity Signal processing Speech processing Speech production Speech Synthesis Syllables Telecommunications and information theory
Title	Multi-pulse LPC modeling of articulatory movements
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