Optimal thermal management of server cooling system based cooling tower under different ambient temperatures

•A new model is introduced to analyze year-round cooling system power consumption.•Optimal water operation conditions under different ambient temperatures are given.•Year-round energy consumption analysis is done by taking Tianjin as a study case.•Significant year-round cooling power can be saved by...

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Veröffentlicht in:Applied thermal engineering Jg. 207; S. 118176
Hauptverfasser: He, Wei, Zhang, Jifang, Li, Hailong, Liu, Shengchun, Wang, Yulin, Lv, Baoying, Wei, Jie
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 05.05.2022
Elsevier BV
Schlagworte:
Ambient temperature
Cold weather construction
Computer centers
Cooling
Cooling cycle
Cooling systems
Cooling tower
Cooling towers
Data center cooling
Data centers
Datacenter
Electric power utilization
Energy conservation
Energy consumption
Energy dissipation
Energy savings
Flow of water
Flow velocity
Heat sinks
Information management
Inlet temperature
Optimal systems
Optimisations
Optimization
Power consumption
Server dissipation
Temperature
Temperature control
Thermal
Thermal management
Thermoelectric equipment
Water flow
Energy consumption
Thermal management
Ambient temperature
Server dissipation
Cooling tower
ISSN:1359-4311, 1873-5606, 1873-5606
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Zusammenfassung:•A new model is introduced to analyze year-round cooling system power consumption.•Optimal water operation conditions under different ambient temperatures are given.•Year-round energy consumption analysis is done by taking Tianjin as a study case.•Significant year-round cooling power can be saved by optimizing thermal parameters. To develop a highly efficient and energy-saving cooling system in a data center, this study investigates the optimal thermal management both on the internal server cooling cycle and external cold source water cycle under different ambient temperatures based on the principle of minimal power consumption. Taking a server cabinet of 4.8 kW as the case, an internal indirect water-cooled heat sink cycle and an external cooling tower cold source cycle are constructed. A hybrid thermal management model combined with a heat dissipation model and a power consumption model was developed with the aid of MATLAB and TRNSYS. Using this model, the relationship between the chip dissipation performance attached to the fin-type heat sink and the energy consumption performance of the cooling system under different water working conditions and ambient temperatures was analyzed. Finally, to achieve minimal system energy consumption, the optimized inlet temperature and water flow rates corresponding to different ambient temperatures were obtained by fitting expressions that can better serve the optimal design of data center cooling systems. Furthermore, when the optimal value was applied using the year-round temperature of Tianjin, China in the case study, a 21.3% reduction in power consumption and a 4.43% decrease in the power usage effectiveness can be achieved compared to the case without optimization. Therefore, significant power can be saved in a data center cooling system through thermal management optimization.
Bibliographie:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
ISSN:1359-4311
1873-5606
1873-5606
DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2022.118176