Optimization of Fuel Cell Manifold and Structural Design of End Plates Using Computational Fluid Dynamics and Genetic Algorithm Approach

ABSTRACT Ensuring uniform fluid distribution in high‐power fuel cell stacks is crucial for automotive applications. This study introduces and evaluates novel X1‐ and X2‐shaped manifold designs against the conventional U‐shaped manifold to enhance distribution uniformity across cells. Computational F...

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Vydáno v:Fuel cells (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) Ročník 25; číslo 4
Hlavní autoři: Salethraj, Jeno, Chinnasamy, Balamurugan, Selvaraj, Mokesh Kumar, Rahiman, Mohammed Abdul Kadar
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Weinheim Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.08.2025
Témata:
Automotive fuels
bipolar plate
Computational fluid dynamics
computational fluid dynamics analysis
Configurations
Flow distribution
Fluid dynamics
fuel cell manifold design
Fuel cells
Genetic algorithms
Inlet pipes
multi objective genetic algorithm
Optimization techniques
Performance enhancement
Pressure drop
proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Structural design
Topology optimization
ISSN:1615-6846, 1615-6854
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Shrnutí:ABSTRACT Ensuring uniform fluid distribution in high‐power fuel cell stacks is crucial for automotive applications. This study introduces and evaluates novel X1‐ and X2‐shaped manifold designs against the conventional U‐shaped manifold to enhance distribution uniformity across cells. Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations demonstrated the superiority of the proposed designs, with the X2 manifold exhibiting improved pressure uniformity and reduced pressure drop due to its double‐inlet configuration. Further optimization was conducted using a multi‐objective genetic algorithm and topology optimization techniques, refining the flow area for enhanced performance. Results indicated that reducing the inlet size while maintaining the outlet size significantly improved gas distribution across all manifold configurations. Additionally, integrating a C‐type inlet pipe in the X2 manifold further enhanced flow consistency and reduced manifold size by 50 percent. These findings highlight the effectiveness of advanced computational and optimization strategies in fuel cell manifold design, offering practical solutions to enhance flow distribution and overall stack performance.
Bibliografie:Funding
This work is ostensibly sponsored by the Government of India, Department of Science and Technology, Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) under the Empowerment and Equity Opportunities for Excellence in Science (EMEQ) scheme (EEQ/2022/000136).
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ISSN:1615-6846
1615-6854
DOI:10.1002/fuce.70013