Tailed nuclei and dicentric chromosomes in irradiated subjects
A study of peripheral blood smears from irradiated Chernobyl liquidators and other subjects has shown nuclei of some lymphocytes to have a protrusion into the cytoplasm. Such abnormal nuclei are called “tailed” nuclei (TN). Sixteen main morphologic types, observed in human peripheral blood lymphocyt...
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| Published in: | Applied radiation and isotopes Vol. 52; no. 5; pp. 1121 - 1127 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier Ltd
01.05.2000
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| ISSN: | 0969-8043, 1872-9800 |
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| Abstract | A study of peripheral blood smears from irradiated Chernobyl liquidators and other subjects has shown nuclei of some lymphocytes to have a protrusion into the cytoplasm. Such abnormal nuclei are called “tailed” nuclei (TN). Sixteen main morphologic types, observed in human peripheral blood lymphocytes, are described. The frequency of appearance of lymphocytes with TN in a group of Chernobyl liquidators was significantly higher than in control groups (
p<0.001, in all cases). A positive correlation was found between the TN frequency in lymphocytes and dicentric chromosomes in lymphocytes cultured to metaphase (
p<0.001). Elevated frequencies of dicentrics, higher than 0.1%, were found in 17 out of 22 subjects in whom the frequency of lymphocytes with TN was 0.8% and more. Abnormalities of the TN type in lymphocytes are likely to result from breakdown of chromosome bridges formed by dicentrics. The TN can be considered as a possible marker of irradiation and, therefore, their detailed study is important. |
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| AbstractList | A study of peripheral blood smears from irradiated Chernobyl liquidators and other subjects has shown nuclei of some lymphocytes to have a protrusion into the cytoplasm. Such abnormal nuclei are called "tailed" nuclei (TN). Sixteen main morphologic types, observed in human peripheral blood lymphocytes, are described. The frequency of appearance of lymphocytes with TN in a group of Chernobyl liquidators was significantly higher than in control groups (p < 0.001, in all cases). A positive correlation was found between the TN frequency in lymphocytes and dicentric chromosomes in lymphocytes cultured to metaphase (p < 0.001). Elevated frequencies of dicentrics, higher than 0.1%, were found in 17 out of 22 subjects in whom the frequency of lymphocytes with TN was 0.8% and more. Abnormalities of the TN type in lymphocytes are likely to result from breakdown of chromosome bridges formed by dicentrics. The TN can be considered as a possible marker of irradiation and, therefore, their detailed study is important. Tailed nuclei (TN), or abnormal protrusions of lymphocytes into the cytoplasm, were common in peripheral blood smears from irradiated liquidators engaged in cleanup at the Chernobyl, Ukraine, site. The frequency of incidence of lymphocytes with TN in a group of liquidators was markedly higher relative to control groups. A positive correlation was observed between TN frequency in lymphocytes and dicentric chromosomes in lymphocytes cultured to metaphase. TN can be treated as a possible marker of irradiation. A study of peripheral blood smears from irradiated Chernobyl liquidators and other subjects has shown nuclei of some lymphocytes to have a protrusion into the cytoplasm. Such abnormal nuclei are called "tailed" nuclei (TN). Sixteen main morphologic types, observed in human peripheral blood lymphocytes, are described. The frequency of appearance of lymphocytes with TN in a group of Chernobyl liquidators was significantly higher than in control groups (p < 0.001, in all cases). A positive correlation was found between the TN frequency in lymphocytes and dicentric chromosomes in lymphocytes cultured to metaphase (p < 0.001). Elevated frequencies of dicentrics, higher than 0.1%, were found in 17 out of 22 subjects in whom the frequency of lymphocytes with TN was 0.8% and more. Abnormalities of the TN type in lymphocytes are likely to result from breakdown of chromosome bridges formed by dicentrics. The TN can be considered as a possible marker of irradiation and, therefore, their detailed study is important.A study of peripheral blood smears from irradiated Chernobyl liquidators and other subjects has shown nuclei of some lymphocytes to have a protrusion into the cytoplasm. Such abnormal nuclei are called "tailed" nuclei (TN). Sixteen main morphologic types, observed in human peripheral blood lymphocytes, are described. The frequency of appearance of lymphocytes with TN in a group of Chernobyl liquidators was significantly higher than in control groups (p < 0.001, in all cases). A positive correlation was found between the TN frequency in lymphocytes and dicentric chromosomes in lymphocytes cultured to metaphase (p < 0.001). Elevated frequencies of dicentrics, higher than 0.1%, were found in 17 out of 22 subjects in whom the frequency of lymphocytes with TN was 0.8% and more. Abnormalities of the TN type in lymphocytes are likely to result from breakdown of chromosome bridges formed by dicentrics. The TN can be considered as a possible marker of irradiation and, therefore, their detailed study is important. A study of peripheral blood smears from irradiated Chernobyl liquidators and other subjects has shown nuclei of some lymphocytes to have a protrusion into the cytoplasm. Such abnormal nuclei are called “tailed” nuclei (TN). Sixteen main morphologic types, observed in human peripheral blood lymphocytes, are described. The frequency of appearance of lymphocytes with TN in a group of Chernobyl liquidators was significantly higher than in control groups ( p<0.001, in all cases). A positive correlation was found between the TN frequency in lymphocytes and dicentric chromosomes in lymphocytes cultured to metaphase ( p<0.001). Elevated frequencies of dicentrics, higher than 0.1%, were found in 17 out of 22 subjects in whom the frequency of lymphocytes with TN was 0.8% and more. Abnormalities of the TN type in lymphocytes are likely to result from breakdown of chromosome bridges formed by dicentrics. The TN can be considered as a possible marker of irradiation and, therefore, their detailed study is important. |
| Author | Kravtsov, V.Yu Yartseva, N.M Nikiforov, A.M Fedortseva, R.F Starkova, Ye.V |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: V.Yu surname: Kravtsov fullname: Kravtsov, V.Yu email: medicine@arcem.spb.ru organization: All-Russian centre of emergency and radiation medicine, Emercom of Russia, St. Petersburg, 194044, Russia – sequence: 2 givenname: R.F surname: Fedortseva fullname: Fedortseva, R.F organization: All-Russian centre of emergency and radiation medicine, Emercom of Russia, St. Petersburg, 194044, Russia – sequence: 3 givenname: Ye.V surname: Starkova fullname: Starkova, Ye.V organization: Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology, Kirov, 610027, Russia – sequence: 4 givenname: N.M surname: Yartseva fullname: Yartseva, N.M organization: Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russia – sequence: 5 givenname: A.M surname: Nikiforov fullname: Nikiforov, A.M organization: All-Russian centre of emergency and radiation medicine, Emercom of Russia, St. Petersburg, 194044, Russia |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10836416$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1016/S0027-5107(97)00113-9 10.1016/S0140-6736(74)91928-X 10.1016/S0140-6736(74)91801-7 10.1159/000133961 |
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| References_xml | – volume: 7880 start-page: 599 year: 1974 ident: BIB1 article-title: Nature of nuclear projections in adenocarcinoma of the breast publication-title: Lancet – volume: 379 start-page: 121 year: 1997 ident: BIB6 article-title: Increased level of chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes of Chernobyl liquidators 6–10 years after the accident publication-title: Mutat. Res. – start-page: 70 year: 1996 end-page: 73 ident: BIB3 publication-title: International conference ”Biological indication of ionizing irradiation”, Ulm. 23–30 september 1994 Medical radiology and radiation security, N1 – volume: 3 start-page: 437 year: 1960 ident: BIB5 article-title: Radiation-induced damage of chromosomes during the early development of Salmon publication-title: Tsitologiya – volume: 14 start-page: 41 year: 1992 ident: BIB2 article-title: Changes of nuclei lymphocytes structure in children, living in Pripjat at the moment of Chernobyl accident publication-title: Experimental Oncology – volume: 69 start-page: 193 year: 1995 ident: BIB7 article-title: Clonal origin of partially inactivated centromeres in a stable dicentric chromosome publication-title: Cytogenet. Cell Genet. – volume: 7877 start-page: 413 year: 1974 ident: BIB4 article-title: Nature of nuclear projections in an adenocarcinoma of breast publication-title: Lancet – volume: 14 start-page: 41 year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/S0969-8043(00)00057-9_BIB2 article-title: Changes of nuclei lymphocytes structure in children, living in Pripjat at the moment of Chernobyl accident publication-title: Experimental Oncology – start-page: 70 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/S0969-8043(00)00057-9_BIB3 – volume: 3 start-page: 437 year: 1960 ident: 10.1016/S0969-8043(00)00057-9_BIB5 article-title: Radiation-induced damage of chromosomes during the early development of Salmon publication-title: Tsitologiya – volume: 379 start-page: 121 year: 1997 ident: 10.1016/S0969-8043(00)00057-9_BIB6 article-title: Increased level of chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes of Chernobyl liquidators 6–10 years after the accident publication-title: Mutat. Res. doi: 10.1016/S0027-5107(97)00113-9 – volume: 7880 start-page: 599 year: 1974 ident: 10.1016/S0969-8043(00)00057-9_BIB1 article-title: Nature of nuclear projections in adenocarcinoma of the breast publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(74)91928-X – volume: 7877 start-page: 413 year: 1974 ident: 10.1016/S0969-8043(00)00057-9_BIB4 article-title: Nature of nuclear projections in an adenocarcinoma of breast publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(74)91801-7 – volume: 69 start-page: 193 year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/S0969-8043(00)00057-9_BIB7 article-title: Clonal origin of partially inactivated centromeres in a stable dicentric chromosome publication-title: Cytogenet. Cell Genet. doi: 10.1159/000133961 |
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| Snippet | A study of peripheral blood smears from irradiated Chernobyl liquidators and other subjects has shown nuclei of some lymphocytes to have a protrusion into the... Tailed nuclei (TN), or abnormal protrusions of lymphocytes into the cytoplasm, were common in peripheral blood smears from irradiated liquidators engaged in... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Aged Cell Nucleus - radiation effects Cell Nucleus - ultrastructure Chromosome Aberrations Chromosomes, Human - radiation effects Chromosomes, Human - ultrastructure Humans Lymphocytes - radiation effects Lymphocytes - ultrastructure Male Middle Aged Radioactive Hazard Release Ukraine |
| Title | Tailed nuclei and dicentric chromosomes in irradiated subjects |
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