Chronic immune activation in the T cell compartment of HCV/HIV-1 co-infected patients

Activation of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms in response to infection is necessary to control and clear infections. However, chronic immune activation in human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection has a series of detrimental effects and is a major driving force in HIV-1 disease progress...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Virulence Vol. 1; no. 3; pp. 177 - 179
Main Authors: Sandberg, Johan K., Falconer, Karolin, Gonzalez, Veronica D.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Taylor & Francis 01.05.2010
Subjects:
ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 - metabolism
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
Antiviral Agents - therapeutic use
Binding
Biology
Bioscience
Calcium
Cancer
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Cell
Cycle
Disease Progression
Drug Therapy, Combination
Hepacivirus - immunology
Hepatitis C, Chronic - complications
Hepatitis C, Chronic - drug therapy
Hepatitis C, Chronic - immunology
Hepatitis C, Chronic - virology
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - drug therapy
HIV Infections - immunology
HIV Infections - virology
HIV-1 - immunology
Humans
Interferon-alpha - therapeutic use
Landes
Lymphocyte Activation - immunology
Membrane Glycoproteins - metabolism
Organogenesis
Polyethylene Glycols - therapeutic use
Proteins
Ribavirin - therapeutic use
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
ISSN:2150-5594, 2150-5608, 2150-5608
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Activation of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms in response to infection is necessary to control and clear infections. However, chronic immune activation in human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection has a series of detrimental effects and is a major driving force in HIV-1 disease progression. We recently found that patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV)/HIV-1 co-infection display sharply elevated immune activation as determined by expression of CD38 in T cells. High immune activation was observed despite that these patients were on effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), which usually brings down activation levels in HIV-infected people. HCV treatment with pegylated interferon-α (IFNα) and ribavirin reduced activation, and this was at first glance unexpected as IFNα is believed to be involved in driving activation. Here, we briefly summarize these findings and discuss them in context of the emerging roles of the gut barrier and the liver in chronic immune activation and viral disease progression.
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ISSN:2150-5594
2150-5608
2150-5608
DOI:10.4161/viru.1.3.11206