Human social genomics: Concepts, mechanisms, and implications for health

The exciting field of human social genomics provides an evolutionarily informed, multilevel framework for understanding how positive and negative social–environmental experiences affect the genome to impact lifelong health, well‐being, behavior, and longevity. In this review, we first summarize comm...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Lifestyle medicine (Hoboken, N.J.) Vol. 4; no. 2
Main Authors: Slavich, George M., Mengelkoch, Summer, Cole, Steven W.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.04.2023
Wiley
Subjects:
behavior
Chronic illnesses
Disease
Epigenetics
Gene expression
Genomes
Genomics
health
Hormones
Inflammation
longevity
Nervous system
Proteins
resilience
Signal transduction
social experiences
Social isolation
Socioeconomic factors
stress
Transcription factors
stress
disease
social experiences
health
longevity
behavior
resilience
ISSN:2688-3740, 2688-3740
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:The exciting field of human social genomics provides an evolutionarily informed, multilevel framework for understanding how positive and negative social–environmental experiences affect the genome to impact lifelong health, well‐being, behavior, and longevity. In this review, we first summarize common patterns of socially influenced changes in the expression of pro‐inflammatory and antiviral immune response genes (e.g., the Conserved Transcriptional Response to Adversity), and the multilevel psychological, neural, and cell signaling pathways by which social factors regulate human gene expression. Second, we examine how these effects are moderated by genetic polymorphisms and the specific types of social–environmental experiences that most strongly affect gene expression and health. Third, we identify positive psychosocial experiences and interventions that have been found to impact gene expression. Finally, we discuss promising opportunities for future research on this topic and how health care providers can use this information to improve patient health and well‐being.
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ISSN:2688-3740
2688-3740
DOI:10.1002/lim2.75