Second-Pandemic Strain of Vibrio cholerae from the Philadelphia Cholera Outbreak of 1849

A draft genome of a second-pandemic V. cholerae strain was reconstructed with the use of a museum specimen from a victim of the 1849 cholera outbreak in Philadelphia. This strain was found to be of the O1 classical biotype. Cholera is a diarrheal disease caused by colonization of the intestines by c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The New England journal of medicine Vol. 370; no. 4; pp. 334 - 340
Main Authors: Devault, Alison M, Golding, G. Brian, Waglechner, Nicholas, Enk, Jacob M, Kuch, Melanie, Tien, Joseph H, Shi, Mang, Fisman, David N, Dhody, Anna N, Forrest, Stephen, Bos, Kirsten I, Earn, David J.D, Holmes, Edward C, Poinar, Hendrik N
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Waltham, MA Massachusetts Medical Society 23.01.2014
Series:Brief Report
Subjects:
Bacterial diseases
Bacterial Typing Techniques
Biological and medical sciences
Cholera
Cholera - epidemiology
Cholera - history
Cholera - microbiology
Cholera toxin
DNA, Bacterial - isolation & purification
DNA, Mitochondrial - analysis
Evolution, Molecular
General aspects
Genome, Bacterial
Genomes
Genomic Islands
Genomics
History, 19th Century
Human bacterial diseases
Humans
Infectious diseases
Intestine
Intestines - microbiology
Intestines - pathology
Male
Medical sciences
Next-generation sequencing
Pandemics
Pandemics - history
Philadelphia - epidemiology
Phylogeny
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
Tropical bacterial diseases
Vibrio cholerae
Vibrio cholerae - classification
Vibrio cholerae - genetics
Vibrio cholerae - pathogenicity
Virulence
Virulence Factors - analysis
Philadelphia
Canada
Infection
Epidemic
Medicine
Vibrio cholerae
Bacteriosis
Bacteria
Vibrionaceae
Cholera
ISSN:0028-4793, 1533-4406, 1533-4406
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:A draft genome of a second-pandemic V. cholerae strain was reconstructed with the use of a museum specimen from a victim of the 1849 cholera outbreak in Philadelphia. This strain was found to be of the O1 classical biotype. Cholera is a diarrheal disease caused by colonization of the intestines by cholera toxin–expressing strains of the waterborne enteric bacterium V. cholerae . An outbreak can arise suddenly, especially in vulnerable populations with compromised sanitation infrastructure, as in the devastating 2010 outbreak in Haiti. 1 In 2012 alone, V. cholerae infected 3 million to 4 million people, killing nearly 100,000. 2 Although all pathogenic V. cholerae strains possess a similar genomic backbone that may have facilitated adaptation to human intestinal mucosa, 3 , 4 the predominant pathogenic strain, serogroup O1, harbors two genetically distinct biotypes: classical and El Tor (for descriptions of these and . . .
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ISSN:0028-4793
1533-4406
1533-4406
DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1308663