Thresholds and hotspots for shrub restoration following a heterogeneous megafire

Context Reestablishing foundational plant species through aerial seeding is an essential yet challenging step for restoring the vast semiarid landscapes impacted by plant invasions and wildfire-regime shifts. A key component of the challenge stems from landscape variability and its effects on plant...

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Vydáno v:	Landscape ecology Ročník 33; číslo 7; s. 1177 - 1194
Hlavní autoři:	Germino, Matthew J., Barnard, David M., Davidson, Bill E., Arkle, Robert S., Pilliod, David S., Fisk, Matthew R., Applestein, Cara
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.07.2018 Springer Nature B.V
Témata:	altitude annuals Artemisia Artemisia tridentata Biodiversity hot spots Biological invasions Biomedical and Life Sciences Decision trees Ecological effects ecological invasion Ecology Environmental Management grasses Hypothesis testing introduced plants Landscape Landscape Ecology Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning landscapes Life Sciences Moisture content Nature Conservation Plant species Plants (botany) Recovery Research Article Restoration Seeding shrubs Soil surfaces Soil water sowing Sustainable Development Test procedures Thresholds trees Wildfires Legacies Landscape Restoration Mixed model Fire Sagebrush Classification tree
ISSN:	0921-2973, 1572-9761
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Shrnutí:	Context Reestablishing foundational plant species through aerial seeding is an essential yet challenging step for restoring the vast semiarid landscapes impacted by plant invasions and wildfire-regime shifts. A key component of the challenge stems from landscape variability and its effects on plant recovery. Objectives We assessed landscape correlates, thresholds, and tipping points for sagebrush presence from fine-scale sampling across a large, heterogeneous area burned the previous year, where we were able to quantify soil surface features that are typically occluded yet can strongly affect recovery patterns. Methods Hypothesis testing and binary-decision trees were used to evaluate factors affecting initial sagebrush establishment, using 2171 field plots (totaling ~ 2,000,000 m 2 sampled) over a 113,000-ha region. Results Sagebrush established in 50% of plots where it was seeded, a > 12-fold greater establishment frequency than in unseeded areas. Sagebrush establishment was enhanced in threshold-like ways by elevation (> 1200 m ASL), topographic features that alter heatload and soil water, and by soil-surface features such as “fertile islands” that bore the imprint of pre-fire sagebrush. Sagebrush occupancy had a negative, linear relationship with exotic-annual grass cover and parabolic relationship with perennial bunchgrasses (optimal at 40% cover). Conclusions Our approach revealed interactive, ecological relationships such as novel soil-surface effects on first year establishment of sagebrush across the burned landscape, and identified “hot spots” for recovery. The approach could be expanded across sites and years to provide the information needed to explain past seeding successes or failures, and in designing treatments at the landscape scale.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23
ISSN:	0921-2973 1572-9761
DOI:	10.1007/s10980-018-0662-8