The Genus Alistipes: Gut Bacteria With Emerging Implications to Inflammation, Cancer, and Mental Health

is a relatively new genus of bacteria isolated primarily from medical clinical samples, although at a low rate compared to other genus members of the phylum, which are highly relevant in dysbiosis and disease. According to the taxonomy database at The National Center for Biotechnology Information, t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in immunology Vol. 11; p. 906
Main Authors: Parker, Bianca J., Wearsch, Pamela A., Veloo, Alida C. M., Rodriguez-Palacios, Alex
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 09.06.2020
Subjects:
A. indistinctus
A. onderdonkii
A. putredinis
A. shahii
Alistipes finegoldii
Animals
Bacteroidetes - classification
Bacteroidetes - metabolism
Bacteroidetes - pathogenicity
Dysbiosis
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humans
Immunology
Inflammation - metabolism
Inflammation - microbiology
inflammatory bowel diseases
Intestines - microbiology
Mental Disorders - metabolism
Mental Disorders - microbiology
Mental Disorders - psychology
Mental Health
Neoplasms - metabolism
Neoplasms - microbiology
A. onderdonkii
inflammatory bowel diseases
A. senegalensis
Alistipes finegoldii
A. indistinctus
A. timonensis
A. putredinis
A. shahii
ISSN:1664-3224, 1664-3224
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Summary:is a relatively new genus of bacteria isolated primarily from medical clinical samples, although at a low rate compared to other genus members of the phylum, which are highly relevant in dysbiosis and disease. According to the taxonomy database at The National Center for Biotechnology Information, the genus consists of 13 species: , and and , and the subspecies subspecies vulgaris (vs. subsp.) are the newest strains featured outside that list. Although typically isolated from the human gut microbiome various species of this genus have been isolated from patients suffering from appendicitis, and abdominal and rectal abscess. It is possible that as spp. emerge, their identification in clinical samples may be underrepresented as novel MS-TOF methods may not be fully capable to discriminate distinct species as separate since it will require the upgrading of MS-TOF identification databases. In terms of pathogenicity, there is contrasting evidence indicating that may have protective effects against some diseases, including liver fibrosis, colitis, cancer immunotherapy, and cardiovascular disease. In contrast, other studies indicate is pathogenic in colorectal cancer and is associated with mental signs of depression. Gut dysbiosis seems to play a role in determining the compositional abundance of in the feces ( ., in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatic encephalopathy, and liver fibrosis). Since is a relatively recent sub-branch genus of the phylum, and since are commonly associated with chronic intestinal inflammation, this narrative review illustrates emerging immunological and mechanistic implications by which spp. correlate with human health.
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Reviewed by: Valerio Iebba, Istituto Pasteur Italia Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Italy; Alexander R. Moschen, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
This article was submitted to Microbial Immunology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology
Edited by: M. Victoria Delpino, CONICET Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), Argentina
ISSN:1664-3224
1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00906