Protective factors against bullying and cyberbullying: A systematic review of meta-analyses

Bullying and cyberbullying are damaging aggressive behaviors in which some children and adolescents intentionally inflict frequent and long term harm on peers who become victimized. The number of studies on bullying is high and a lot of knowledge has already been gathered. Nevertheless, there are st...

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Vydáno v:	Aggression and violent behavior Ročník 45; s. 4 - 19
Hlavní autoři:	Zych, Izabela, Farrington, David P., Ttofi, Maria M.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Tarrytown Elsevier Ltd 01.03.2019 Elsevier Science Ltd
Témata:	Academic achievement Adolescents Bullying Community schools Cyberbullying Ecological approach Family school relationship Knowledge Meta-analysis Peer relationships Peers Protective factors Systematic review Technology Victimization Bullying Systematic review Protective factors Ecological approach Cyberbullying Meta-analysis
ISSN:	1359-1789, 1873-6335
On-line přístup:	Získat plný text
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Abstract	Bullying and cyberbullying are damaging aggressive behaviors in which some children and adolescents intentionally inflict frequent and long term harm on peers who become victimized. The number of studies on bullying is high and a lot of knowledge has already been gathered. Nevertheless, there are still many gaps in knowledge that need to be addressed. Research on protective factors and effective interventions is still in its relatively early stages. This systematic review of meta-analyses on protective factors against bullying and cyberbullying was conducted to synthesize knowledge and discover the most important community, school, family, peer and individual protective factors. After systematic searches and the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 meta-analyses with 128 effect sizes were included and analyzed. Forest plots were constructed and median effect sizes were calculated for each group of protective factors. Self-oriented personal competencies were the strongest protector against victimization. Low frequency of technology use protected from involvement in cyberbullying. Good academic performance and other-oriented social competencies were the strongest protective factors against perpetration. Positive peer interaction was the strongest protective factor against being a bully/victim. These findings can be useful to improve anti-bullying programs, policy and practice. •Bullying and cyberbullying are very damaging aggressive behaviors present in schools.•A systematic review of meta-analyses on protective factors against bullying and cyberbullying was conducted.•Forest plots were constructed and median effect sizes were calculated for different protective factors based on 128 overall effect sizes.•Community, school, family, peer and individual protective factors against bullying and cyberbullying were found.•Findings are useful to improve anti-bullying programs, policy, and practice.
AbstractList	Bullying and cyberbullying are damaging aggressive behaviors in which some children and adolescents intentionally inflict frequent and long term harm on peers who become victimized. The number of studies on bullying is high and a lot of knowledge has already been gathered. Nevertheless, there are still many gaps in knowledge that need to be addressed. Research on protective factors and effective interventions is still in its relatively early stages. This systematic review of meta-analyses on protective factors against bullying and cyberbullying was conducted to synthesize knowledge and discover the most important community, school, family, peer and individual protective factors. After systematic searches and the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 meta-analyses with 128 effect sizes were included and analyzed. Forest plots were constructed and median effect sizes were calculated for each group of protective factors. Self-oriented personal competencies were the strongest protector against victimization. Low frequency of technology use protected from involvement in cyberbullying. Good academic performance and other-oriented social competencies were the strongest protective factors against perpetration. Positive peer interaction was the strongest protective factor against being a bully/victim. These findings can be useful to improve anti-bullying programs, policy and practice. •Bullying and cyberbullying are very damaging aggressive behaviors present in schools.•A systematic review of meta-analyses on protective factors against bullying and cyberbullying was conducted.•Forest plots were constructed and median effect sizes were calculated for different protective factors based on 128 overall effect sizes.•Community, school, family, peer and individual protective factors against bullying and cyberbullying were found.•Findings are useful to improve anti-bullying programs, policy, and practice. Bullying and cyberbullying are damaging aggressive behaviors in which some children and adolescents intentionally inflict frequent and long term harm on peers who become victimized. The number of studies on bullying is high and a lot of knowledge has already been gathered. Nevertheless, there are still many gaps in knowledge that need to be addressed. Research on protective factors and effective interventions is still in its relatively early stages. This systematic review of meta-analyses on protective factors against bullying and cyberbullying was conducted to synthesize knowledge and discover the most important community, school, family, peer and individual protective factors. After systematic searches and the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 meta-analyses with 128 effect sizes were included and analyzed. Forest plots were constructed and median effect sizes were calculated for each group of protective factors. Self-oriented personal competencies were the strongest protector against victimization. Low frequency of technology use protected from involvement in cyberbullying. Good academic performance and other-oriented social competencies were the strongest protective factors against perpetration. Positive peer interaction was the strongest protective factor against being a bully/victim. These findings can be useful to improve anti-bullying programs, policy and practice.
Author	Ttofi, Maria M. Zych, Izabela Farrington, David P.
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Izabela surname: Zych fullname: Zych, Izabela email: izych@uco.es organization: Universidad de Córdoba, Spain – sequence: 2 givenname: David P. surname: Farrington fullname: Farrington, David P. organization: University of Cambridge, United Kingdom – sequence: 3 givenname: Maria M. surname: Ttofi fullname: Ttofi, Maria M. organization: University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
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SubjectTerms	Academic achievement Adolescents Bullying Community schools Cyberbullying Ecological approach Family school relationship Knowledge Meta-analysis Peer relationships Peers Protective factors Systematic review Technology Victimization
Title	Protective factors against bullying and cyberbullying: A systematic review of meta-analyses
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