The interplay between diet and the gut microbiome: implications for health and disease

Diet has a pivotal role in shaping the composition, function and diversity of the gut microbiome, with various diets having a profound impact on the stability, functionality and diversity of the microbial community within our gut. Understanding the profound impact of varied diets on the microbiome i...

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Published in:	Nature reviews. Microbiology Vol. 22; no. 11; pp. 671 - 686
Main Authors:	Ross, Fiona C, Patangia, Dhrati, Grimaud, Ghjuvan, Lavelle, Aonghus, Dempsey, Eugene M, Ross, R Paul, Stanton, Catherine
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Nature Publishing Group 01.11.2024
Subjects:	Composition effects Diet Digestive system Gastrointestinal tract Geographical distribution Geographical locations Gut microbiota High fat diet High protein diet Intestinal microflora Ketogenesis Low carbohydrate diet Microbiomes Microorganisms
ISSN:	1740-1526, 1740-1534, 1740-1534
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Abstract	Diet has a pivotal role in shaping the composition, function and diversity of the gut microbiome, with various diets having a profound impact on the stability, functionality and diversity of the microbial community within our gut. Understanding the profound impact of varied diets on the microbiome is crucial, as it will enable us not only to make well-informed dietary decisions for better metabolic and intestinal health, but also to prevent and slow the onset of specific diet-related diseases that stem from suboptimal diets. In this Review, we explore how geographical location affects the gut microbiome and how different diets shape its composition and function. We examine the mechanisms by which whole dietary regimes, such as the Mediterranean diet, high-fibre diet, plant-based diet, high-protein diet, ketogenic diet and Western diet, influence the gut microbiome. Furthermore, we underscore the need for exhaustive studies to better understand the causal relationship between diet, host and microorganisms for the development of precision nutrition and microbiome-based therapies.
AbstractList	Diet has a pivotal role in shaping the composition, function and diversity of the gut microbiome, with various diets having a profound impact on the stability, functionality and diversity of the microbial community within our gut. Understanding the profound impact of varied diets on the microbiome is crucial, as it will enable us not only to make well-informed dietary decisions for better metabolic and intestinal health, but also to prevent and slow the onset of specific diet-related diseases that stem from suboptimal diets. In this Review, we explore how geographical location affects the gut microbiome and how different diets shape its composition and function. We examine the mechanisms by which whole dietary regimes, such as the Mediterranean diet, high-fibre diet, plant-based diet, high-protein diet, ketogenic diet and Western diet, influence the gut microbiome. Furthermore, we underscore the need for exhaustive studies to better understand the causal relationship between diet, host and microorganisms for the development of precision nutrition and microbiome-based therapies.In this Review, Stanton and colleagues examine the effect of different whole diets on the composition and function of the gut microbiome and explore how the diet–microbiome relationship influences human health and the progression of different chronic diseases. Diet has a pivotal role in shaping the composition, function and diversity of the gut microbiome, with various diets having a profound impact on the stability, functionality and diversity of the microbial community within our gut. Understanding the profound impact of varied diets on the microbiome is crucial, as it will enable us not only to make well-informed dietary decisions for better metabolic and intestinal health, but also to prevent and slow the onset of specific diet-related diseases that stem from suboptimal diets. In this Review, we explore how geographical location affects the gut microbiome and how different diets shape its composition and function. We examine the mechanisms by which whole dietary regimes, such as the Mediterranean diet, high-fibre diet, plant-based diet, high-protein diet, ketogenic diet and Western diet, influence the gut microbiome. Furthermore, we underscore the need for exhaustive studies to better understand the causal relationship between diet, host and microorganisms for the development of precision nutrition and microbiome-based therapies.Diet has a pivotal role in shaping the composition, function and diversity of the gut microbiome, with various diets having a profound impact on the stability, functionality and diversity of the microbial community within our gut. Understanding the profound impact of varied diets on the microbiome is crucial, as it will enable us not only to make well-informed dietary decisions for better metabolic and intestinal health, but also to prevent and slow the onset of specific diet-related diseases that stem from suboptimal diets. In this Review, we explore how geographical location affects the gut microbiome and how different diets shape its composition and function. We examine the mechanisms by which whole dietary regimes, such as the Mediterranean diet, high-fibre diet, plant-based diet, high-protein diet, ketogenic diet and Western diet, influence the gut microbiome. Furthermore, we underscore the need for exhaustive studies to better understand the causal relationship between diet, host and microorganisms for the development of precision nutrition and microbiome-based therapies. Diet has a pivotal role in shaping the composition, function and diversity of the gut microbiome, with various diets having a profound impact on the stability, functionality and diversity of the microbial community within our gut. Understanding the profound impact of varied diets on the microbiome is crucial, as it will enable us not only to make well-informed dietary decisions for better metabolic and intestinal health, but also to prevent and slow the onset of specific diet-related diseases that stem from suboptimal diets. In this Review, we explore how geographical location affects the gut microbiome and how different diets shape its composition and function. We examine the mechanisms by which whole dietary regimes, such as the Mediterranean diet, high-fibre diet, plant-based diet, high-protein diet, ketogenic diet and Western diet, influence the gut microbiome. Furthermore, we underscore the need for exhaustive studies to better understand the causal relationship between diet, host and microorganisms for the development of precision nutrition and microbiome-based therapies.
Author	Lavelle, Aonghus Dempsey, Eugene M Ross, Fiona C Stanton, Catherine Grimaud, Ghjuvan Ross, R Paul Patangia, Dhrati
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Fiona C orcidid: 0009-0002-9902-8072 surname: Ross fullname: Ross, Fiona C organization: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland – sequence: 2 givenname: Dhrati orcidid: 0009-0002-8769-051X surname: Patangia fullname: Patangia, Dhrati organization: Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Cork, Ireland – sequence: 3 givenname: Ghjuvan orcidid: 0000-0003-2752-4755 surname: Grimaud fullname: Grimaud, Ghjuvan organization: Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Cork, Ireland – sequence: 4 givenname: Aonghus surname: Lavelle fullname: Lavelle, Aonghus organization: APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland – sequence: 5 givenname: Eugene M surname: Dempsey fullname: Dempsey, Eugene M organization: INFANT Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland – sequence: 6 givenname: R Paul orcidid: 0000-0003-4876-8839 surname: Ross fullname: Ross, R Paul organization: APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland – sequence: 7 givenname: Catherine orcidid: 0000-0002-6724-7011 surname: Stanton fullname: Stanton, Catherine email: catherine.stanton@teagasc.ie, catherine.stanton@teagasc.ie organization: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. catherine.stanton@teagasc.ie
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PublicationTitleAlternate	Nat Rev Microbiol
PublicationYear	2024
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Snippet	Diet has a pivotal role in shaping the composition, function and diversity of the gut microbiome, with various diets having a profound impact on the stability,...
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SubjectTerms	Composition effects Diet Digestive system Gastrointestinal tract Geographical distribution Geographical locations Gut microbiota High fat diet High protein diet Intestinal microflora Ketogenesis Low carbohydrate diet Microbiomes Microorganisms
Title	The interplay between diet and the gut microbiome: implications for health and disease
URI	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39009882 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3116456527 https://www.proquest.com/docview/3081290662
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