The interplay between diet and the gut microbiome: implications for health and disease

Diet has a pivotal role in shaping the composition, function and diversity of the gut microbiome, with various diets having a profound impact on the stability, functionality and diversity of the microbial community within our gut. Understanding the profound impact of varied diets on the microbiome i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature reviews. Microbiology Vol. 22; no. 11; pp. 671 - 686
Main Authors: Ross, Fiona C, Patangia, Dhrati, Grimaud, Ghjuvan, Lavelle, Aonghus, Dempsey, Eugene M, Ross, R Paul, Stanton, Catherine
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Nature Publishing Group 01.11.2024
Subjects:
Composition effects
Diet
Digestive system
Gastrointestinal tract
Geographical distribution
Geographical locations
Gut microbiota
High fat diet
High protein diet
Intestinal microflora
Ketogenesis
Low carbohydrate diet
Microbiomes
Microorganisms
ISSN:1740-1526, 1740-1534, 1740-1534
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Diet has a pivotal role in shaping the composition, function and diversity of the gut microbiome, with various diets having a profound impact on the stability, functionality and diversity of the microbial community within our gut. Understanding the profound impact of varied diets on the microbiome is crucial, as it will enable us not only to make well-informed dietary decisions for better metabolic and intestinal health, but also to prevent and slow the onset of specific diet-related diseases that stem from suboptimal diets. In this Review, we explore how geographical location affects the gut microbiome and how different diets shape its composition and function. We examine the mechanisms by which whole dietary regimes, such as the Mediterranean diet, high-fibre diet, plant-based diet, high-protein diet, ketogenic diet and Western diet, influence the gut microbiome. Furthermore, we underscore the need for exhaustive studies to better understand the causal relationship between diet, host and microorganisms for the development of precision nutrition and microbiome-based therapies.
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ISSN:1740-1526
1740-1534
1740-1534
DOI:10.1038/s41579-024-01068-4