A View on Optimal Transport from Noncommutative Geometry

We discuss the relation between the Wasserstein distance of order 1 between probability distributions on a metric space, arising in the study of Monge-Kantorovich transport problem, and the spectral distance of noncommutative geometry. Starting from a remark of Rieffel on compact manifolds, we first...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Symmetry, integrability and geometry, methods and applications Vol. 6; p. 057
Main Authors: D'Andrea, Francesco, Martinetti, Pierre
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Kiev National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 01.01.2010
National Academy of Science of Ukraine
Subjects:
noncommutative geometry
spectral triples
transport theory
ISSN:1815-0659, 1815-0659
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:We discuss the relation between the Wasserstein distance of order 1 between probability distributions on a metric space, arising in the study of Monge-Kantorovich transport problem, and the spectral distance of noncommutative geometry. Starting from a remark of Rieffel on compact manifolds, we first show that on any - i.e. non-necessary compact - complete Riemannian spin manifolds, the two distances coincide. Then, on convex manifolds in the sense of Nash embedding, we provide some natural upper and lower bounds to the distance between any two probability distributions. Specializing to the Euclidean space Rn, we explicitly compute the distance for a particular class of distributions generalizing Gaussian wave packet. Finally we explore the analogy between the spectral and the Wasserstein distances in the noncommutative case, focusing on the standard model and the Moyal plane. In particular we point out that in the two-sheet space of the standard model, an optimal-transport interpretation of the metric requires a cost function that does not vanish on the diagonal. The latest is similar to the cost function occurring in the relativistic heat equation.
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ISSN:1815-0659
1815-0659
DOI:10.3842/SIGMA.2010.057