Defining domestic water consumption based on personal water use activities

As the world increasingly faces water shortages, it is critical to develop realistic estimates of water consumption based on water-use activities rather than top-down imposed limits. This study quantifies the absolute basic consumption (ABC) of an individual, irrespective of water-use location or wa...

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Vydáno v:Aqua (London, England) Ročník 70; číslo 7; s. 1002 - 1011
Hlavní autoři: Crouch, Melissa Lauren, Heinz Erasmus Jacobs, Vanessa L. Speight
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Oxford IWA Publishing 01.11.2021
Témata:
Consumption
Coronaviruses
Domestic water
drinking water
Efficiency
Health care
Households
Hygiene
Physiology
Sanitation
stochastic model
sustainable urban development
Water conservation
Water consumption
water demand
Water shortages
Water supply
Water use
water-use activities
United Kingdom > UK
India
ISSN:1606-9935, 2709-8028, 1605-3974, 2709-8036
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Shrnutí:As the world increasingly faces water shortages, it is critical to develop realistic estimates of water consumption based on water-use activities rather than top-down imposed limits. This study quantifies the absolute basic consumption (ABC) of an individual, irrespective of water-use location or water source, with a focus on personal water-use activities rather than measured household consumption. A theoretical model to stochastically describe 21 personal water-use activities was developed, corresponding to lifestyle levels based upon Maslow's hierarchy of physiological needs. From this model, the expected value of ABC was 92 L/capita/day (LPCD) and includes restrictions on several everyday activities and thus would be better as a minimum target during stringent water restrictions. A more realistic expected value for non-wasteful, indoor-only water use was determined to be 175 LPCD. The results of this study serve as a useful benchmark to inform policy choices and efforts to conserve water without affecting health and wellbeing.
Bibliografie:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
ISSN:1606-9935
2709-8028
1605-3974
2709-8036
DOI:10.2166/aqua.2021.056